{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T09:24:02Z","timestamp":1771493042526,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,21]],"date-time":"2020-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1603238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pain Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is effective for patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS). SCS improves their pain, as well as their functionality and health\u2010related quality of life. Different waveforms for SCS have emerged that show improvement in small prospective studies. Analysis of real\u2010world data shows the clinical implementation and the effect of different waveforms in SCS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A real\u2010world analysis was performed of 208 patients with FBSS who were treated over 3 years. Stimulators with tonic, burst, high\u2010density, and 10\u2010kHz high\u2010frequency (HF10) waveforms were implanted in patients with FBSS who had predominant pain in the back, legs, or both back and legs. Pain as measured by the VAS, functional disability as measured by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and health\u2010related quality of life as measured by the 3\u2010level EuroQol 5\u2010Dimension (EQ5D\u20103L) questionnaire were determined at baseline and for outcome assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>SCS is effective for patients with FBSS. This analysis showed a change in baseline VAS score from 8.0 to 4.7 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) at 24\u00a0months. The EQ5D\u20103L score improved from 0.29 to 0.49 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) at 24\u00a0months. The ODI score improved from 54% to 42% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) at 24\u00a0months. The unanticipated explantation rate was only 1.6%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study of SCS showed significant long\u2010term improvement in pain, disability, and quality of life in a large dataset of patients with FBSS. Strict selection procedures and a strong opioid policy contributed to the high success rate and low unanticipated explantation rate. There was no difference in pain reduction between tonic and HF10 stimulation. Further investigation is necessary to detect any difference between other waveforms of SCS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papr.12952","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,23]],"date-time":"2020-09-23T01:17:40Z","timestamp":1600823860000},"page":"215-225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Real\u2010World Analysis: Long\u2010Term Effect of Spinal Cord Stimulation With Different Waveforms for Patients With Failed Back Surgery Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6203-9291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thoai T.","family":"Do","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine UZ Brussel  Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iris","family":"Smet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management AZ Nikolaas  Sint\u2010Niklaas Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Jerjir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management AZ Nikolaas  Sint\u2010Niklaas Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katrien","family":"Vandamme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department of AZ Nikolaas AZ Nikolaas  Sint\u2010Niklaas Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6692-9486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marieke","family":"Devos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management AZ Nikolaas  Sint\u2010Niklaas Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Pierre","family":"Van Buyten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management AZ Nikolaas  Sint\u2010Niklaas Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-018-0887-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2009.00276.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000144839.65524.E0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12603"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-017-1565-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2015.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnz185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12441"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pme.12294"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17434440.2018.1418662"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/aapm.13640"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12776"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000129"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12867"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12883"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnz046"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000001418"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12899"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.12357"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31815e3a10"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2009.00588.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000001247"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2012.10.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","first-page":"1571","article-title":"A comparison of generic, indirect utility measures (the HUI2, HUI3, SF\u20106D, and the EQ\u20105D) and disease\u2010specific instruments (the RAQoL and the HAQ) in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2005","author":"Marra CA","year":"1982","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","first-page":"829","article-title":"Health\u2010related quality of life in multiple musculoskeletal conditions: a cross\u2010sectional population based epidemiological study. 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