{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T22:28:48Z","timestamp":1782512928920,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,5]],"date-time":"2013-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol Psychother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Having an insecure attachment style in schizophrenia has been linked to treatment response and symptom severity in schizophrenia. This study sought to further examine whether attachment style is related to subjective indicators of recovery including hope and self\u2010esteem, independent of symptom level and secondly, whether attachment style in schizophrenia differs from attachment style of persons facing adversity in the form of a prolonged non\u2010psychiatric medical illness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants were 52 men with schizophrenia, and 26 with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIDS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      who had no history of experiencing severe mental illness. These groups were compared in terms of their endorsement of attachment style.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All participants were administered the Experiences in Close Relationships measure of adult attachment style. The schizophrenia group was also given the Rosenberg Self\u2010Esteem Scale to assess self\u2010esteem, the Beck Hopelessness Scale as a measure of hope, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, as an assessment of symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Avoidant attachment in the schizophrenia group was linked with higher levels of hopelessness while anxious attachment was linked to lower levels of self\u2010esteem. The association between anxious attachment and self\u2010esteem persisted after controlling for severity of positive, negative, and depressive symptoms in a stepwise multiple regression analyses. Compared to the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AIDS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      group, participants with schizophrenia had significantly higher levels of anxious attachment but not avoidant attachment style.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Attachment style may impact attainment of key subjective domains of recovery in schizophrenia such as self\u2010esteem, independent of symptom severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Practitioner points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>If self\u2010esteem and\/or hopelessness are identified as a focus of treatment, focusing on attachment style may be an important treatment component.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Therapist understanding of patients' attachment style may allow for a better understanding of resistance in the therapeutic relationship.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Helping persons with schizophrenia to recognize and change how they tend to relate to others may promote gains in subjective elements of recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papt.12012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,5]],"date-time":"2013-08-05T01:40:41Z","timestamp":1375666841000},"page":"209-221","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Anxious and avoidant attachment styles and indicators of recovery in schizophrenia: Associations with self\u2010esteem and hope"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Jamie M.","family":"Ringer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Roudebush VA Medical Center Indianapolis Indiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin E.","family":"Buchanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"Olesek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul H.","family":"Lysaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Roudebush VA Medical Center Indianapolis Indiana USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","volume-title":"Patterns of attachment: Psychological study of the strange situation","author":"Ainsworth M. D. S.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0037562"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165\u20101781(94)90075\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbn103"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e31817108db"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2006.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2008.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2006.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127\u2010006\u20100101\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"46","volume-title":"Attachment theory and close relationships","author":"Brennan K. A.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467\u20106494.00034"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044\u20108341.2010.02011.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2008.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e31811f4021"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954579400000584"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","first-page":"497","volume-title":"Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications","author":"Dozier M.","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1758\u20102652\u201012\u201029"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466502760387461"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Metacognition and severe adult mental disorders: From research to treatment","author":"Gumley A.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","volume-title":"Staying well after psychosis: A cognitive interpersonal approach to recovery and relapse prevention","author":"Gumley A.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127\u2010003\u20100660\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764011399004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467\u20108624.00180"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","first-page":"117","volume-title":"Dissociation and psychosis: Converging perspectives on a complex relationship","author":"Liotti G.","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17522430902948175"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/147608310X520436"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0019115"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2010.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/147608310X530246"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/147608307X246156"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0145\u20102134(84)90009\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(03)13310\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2007.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wpsyc.2012.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.655"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2007.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0002\u20109432.77.2.324"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751\u20107893.2012.00342.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105307082457"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u20103514.70.2.310"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2011.05.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.2002.tb02765.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14616730210154171"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2008.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10880\u2010012\u20109335\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","volume-title":"Structured clinical interview for DSM\u2010IV","author":"Spitzer R. L.","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","volume-title":"Klinische bindungsforschung","author":"Strauss B.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3283320dce"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.185.5.410"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14616730110096898"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09563"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbs050"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022\u20100167.52.3.347"}],"container-title":["Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpapt.12012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/papt.12012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T10:04:46Z","timestamp":1762250686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/papt.12012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,5]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/papt.12012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/papt.12012","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-0835","2044-8341"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-0835","type":"print"},{"value":"2044-8341","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,5]]}}}