{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T23:55:12Z","timestamp":1777247712630,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["106919\/Z\/15\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["106919\/Z\/15\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol Psychother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is limited understanding of change processes and long\u2010term effects of low\u2010intensity psychosocial interventions. We investigated these aspects in two brief problem\u2010solving intervention formats for adolescents with elevated mental health symptoms and associated distress\/impairment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This qualitative study was nested within a school\u2010based randomized controlled trial in New Delhi, India, which compared two problem\u2010solving intervention formats: a lay counsellor\u2010led format supported by printed materials (intervention arm) and printed problem\u2010solving materials alone (\u201cbibliotherapy\u201d control arm). A total of 32 participants, ranging in age from 14 to 20\u2009years (mean = 16.4\u2009years,\n                      <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01.9) and comprising 21 males and 11 females, were interviewed across both trial arms at 12\u2010month follow\u2010up.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Five themes were derived using thematic framework analysis. The \u201cimpacts on symptoms and functioning\u201d theme described symptomatic improvements and functional gains. \u201cProcesses underlying problem solving\u201d reflected changes in positive beliefs, attitudes and emotions when confronted with problems, and the use of a more effective problem\u2010solving coping style. \u201cExperiences of problem\u2010solving materials\u201d covered benefits (e.g. access to relatable stories and readymade solutions) and limitations (e.g. diminishing use over time) of printed problem\u2010solving handouts. \u201cRole of supporting figures\u201d accounted for the facilitating roles played by counsellors and trusted others. There were also accounts of researchers functioning as\n                      <jats:italic>de facto<\/jats:italic>\n                      counsellors in the bibliotherapy arm. \u201cRecommended modifications for intervention delivery\u201d included more flexible and private ways to access the interventions, greater personalization of the counselling process, more engaging and relevant supporting materials, and suggestions for widening access to the interventions in schools and community settings.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We infer from our qualitative analysis that changes in problem\u2010solving style and problem orientation underpinned long\u2010term symptomatic and functional improvements. Participants in the counsellor\u2010led intervention appeared better able to sustain the use of problem\u2010solving skills and generalize this approach beyond the original presenting problems. We attribute the differences between arms to the influence of direct advice and supportive interactions with counsellors. Practice implications are discussed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papt.12433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]],"date-time":"2022-11-09T20:34:26Z","timestamp":1668026066000},"page":"189-208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["\u201cIf there is a tension about something, I can solve it\u201d: A qualitative investigation of change processes in a trial of brief problem\u2010solving interventions for common adolescent mental health problems in India"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2869-9055","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanika","family":"Malik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sangath  New Delhi India"},{"name":"Jindal School of Psychology and Counselling O.P. 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