{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T06:09:48Z","timestamp":1789193388370,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014653","name":"Manchester Biomedical Research Centre","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014653","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013374","name":"NIHR School for Primary Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013374","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bpspsychub.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychol Psychother"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Brief mindfulness\u2010based interventions (MBIs) are shorter and less intensive than standard 8\u2010week courses and could provide health and well\u2010being benefits to participants while requiring fewer resources to implement at scale. However, brief MBIs are typically developed ad hoc and lack a clear rationale for the components they include. Our aim was to develop a brief person\u2010centred MBI to improve well\u2010being using a theory\u2010, evidence\u2010 and person\u2010based approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mindfulness teachers and mindfulness course attendees were recruited to a mixed\u2010methods online survey (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200942) and an \u2018INDIGO\u2019 study (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200921). INDIGO (INtervention DesIGn with stakehOlders) is a novel mixed method that combines timelining and storyboarding. Data were collected regarding attitudes to brief MBIs and MBI components. Data were analysed using qualitative and quantitative methods and combined with the Mindfulness\u2010to\u2010Meaning Theory to create a prototype intervention plan. This plan was displayed using INDIGO and presented to focus group participants (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200912) for discussion and feedback. The intervention was then refined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The resulting brief MBI comprises five 90\u2010min sessions and includes focused attention practice, informal mindfulness, the three\u2010step breathing space, group discussion and psychoeducation. The intervention is person\u2010centred as it promotes flexibility and participant choice, including different options for mindfulness practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study describes the systematic development of a brief MBI to improve well\u2010being that could be deployed in diverse settings including primary care, public health and higher education. Further work is required to test the feasibility of delivering this novel brief MBI in these settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/papt.70110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T05:44:32Z","timestamp":1789191872000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of a brief mindfulness\u2010based intervention to improve well\u2010being: A theory\u2010, evidence\u2010 and person\u2010based approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0285-2939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly","family":"Birtwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre  Manchester UK"},{"name":"NIHR School for Primary Care Research  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Duerden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Salford  Salford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1587-0802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre  Manchester UK"},{"name":"NIHR School for Primary Care Research  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2365-1765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Armitage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Centre for Health Psychology, School of Health Sciences University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre  Manchester UK"},{"name":"NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Research Collaboration  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.7146\/qs.v3i1.6272","article-title":"Timeline interviews: A tool for conducting life history research","volume":"3","author":"Adriansen H. 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