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Noncoeliac gluten sensitivity is a condition that is less well defined, but is estimated to affect up to 10% of the population, and is often self\u2010diagnosed. At present, the only remedy for both conditions is a lifelong gluten\u2010free diet. A gluten\u2010free diet is often expensive, high in fat and low in fibre, which in themselves can lead to adverse health outcomes. Thus, there is an opportunity to use novel plant breeding strategies to develop alternative gluten\u2010free grains. In this work, we describe the breeding and characterization of a novel ultra\u2010low gluten (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ULG<\/jats:styled-content>) barley variety in which the hordein (gluten) content was reduced to below 5\u00a0ppm. This was achieved using traditional breeding strategies to combine three recessive alleles, which act independently of each other to lower the hordein content in the parental varieties. The grain of the initial variety was shrunken compared to wild\u2010type barleys. We implemented a breeding strategy to improve the grain size to near wild\u2010type levels and demonstrated that the grains can be malted and brewed successfully. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ULG<\/jats:styled-content> barley has the potential to provide novel healthy foods and beverages for those who require a gluten\u2010free diet.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.12482","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,2]],"date-time":"2015-10-02T10:43:22Z","timestamp":1443782602000},"page":"1139-1150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Creation of the first ultra\u2010low gluten barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare<\/i> L.) for coeliac and gluten\u2010intolerant populations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Gregory J.","family":"Tanner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIRO Agriculture Flagship Canberra ACT Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malcolm J.","family":"Blundell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIRO Agriculture Flagship Canberra ACT Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle L.","family":"Colgrave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIRO Agriculture Flagship St Lucia Qld Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Crispin A.","family":"Howitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIRO Agriculture Flagship Canberra ACT Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.meg.0000435546.87251.f7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","first-page":"248","article-title":"A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilising the principle of dye binding","volume":"72","author":"Bradford M.M.","year":"1976","journal-title":"Anal. 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