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However, because of the complexity of root traits and difficulty in phenotyping deep roots, the study on mechanisms of root development is rarely reported in wheat (<jats:italic>Triticum aestivum<\/jats:italic> L.). In this study, we identified that the LBD (LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN) gene <jats:italic>TaMOR<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>MORE ROOT<\/jats:italic> in wheat) determines wheat crown root initiation. The <jats:italic>mor<\/jats:italic> mutants exhibited less or even no crown root, dwarfism, less grain number and lodging caused by few roots. The observation of cross sections showed that crown root initiation is inhibited in the <jats:italic>mor<\/jats:italic> mutants. Molecular assays revealed that TaMOR interacts with the auxin response factor ARF5 to directly induce the expression of the auxin transporter gene <jats:italic>PIN2<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>PIN\u2010FORMED 2<\/jats:italic>) in the root base to regulate crown root initiation. In addition, a 159\u2010bp MITE (miniature inverted\u2010repeat transposable element) insertion causing DNA methylation and lower expression of <jats:italic>TaMOR\u2010B<\/jats:italic> was identified in <jats:italic>TaMOR\u2010B<\/jats:italic> promoter, which is associated with lower root dry weight and shorter plant height. The results bring new light into regulation mechanisms of crown root initiation and offer a new target for the improvement of root system architecture in wheat.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.13765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,10]],"date-time":"2021-12-10T15:38:03Z","timestamp":1639150683000},"page":"862-875","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["<i>TaMOR<\/i> is essential for root initiation and improvement of root system architecture in wheat"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6052-4741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaonan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement\/Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences  Beijing 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