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However, the comprehensive knowledge of the\n                    <jats:italic>salicylic acid 5\u2010hydroxylase<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>S5H<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in rice\u2010pathogen interaction is still elusive. Here, we reported that three OsS5H homologues displayed salicylic acid 5\u2010hydroxylase activity, converting SA into 2,5\u2010dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5\u2010DHBA).\n                    <jats:italic>OsS5H1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>OsS5H2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>OsS5H3<\/jats:italic>\n                    were preferentially expressed in rice leaves at heading stage and responded quickly to exogenous SA treatment. We found that bacterial pathogen\n                    <jats:italic>Xanthomonas oryzae<\/jats:italic>\n                    pv.\n                    <jats:italic>oryzae<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Xoo<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) strongly induced the expression of\n                    <jats:italic>OsS5H1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>OsS5H2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>OsS5H3<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Rice plants overexpressing\n                    <jats:italic>OsS5H1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>OsS5H2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>OsS5H3<\/jats:italic>\n                    showed significantly decreased SA contents and increased 2,5\u2010DHBA levels, and were more susceptible to bacterial blight and rice blast. A simple single guide RNA (sgRNA) was designed to create\n                    <jats:italic>oss5h1oss5h2oss5h3<\/jats:italic>\n                    triple mutants through CRISPR\/Cas9\u2010mediated gene mutagenesis. The\n                    <jats:italic>oss5h1oss5h2oss5h3<\/jats:italic>\n                    exhibited stronger resistance to\n                    <jats:italic>Xoo<\/jats:italic>\n                    than single\n                    <jats:italic>oss5h<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants. And\n                    <jats:italic>oss5h1oss5h2oss5h3<\/jats:italic>\n                    plants displayed\u00a0enhanced rice blast resistance. The conferred pathogen resistance in\n                    <jats:italic>oss5h1oss5h2oss5h3<\/jats:italic>\n                    was\u00a0attributed to the significantly upregulation of\n                    <jats:italic>OsWRKY45<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>pathogenesis\u2010related<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>PR<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) genes. Besides, flg22\u2010induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) burst was enhanced in\n                    <jats:italic>oss5h1oss5h2oss5h3.<\/jats:italic>\n                    Collectively, our study provides a fast and effective approach to generate rice varieties with broad\u2010spectrum disease resistance through\n                    <jats:italic>OsS5H<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene editing.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.14099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T02:07:26Z","timestamp":1686881246000},"page":"1873-1886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["CRISPR\/Cas9\u2010mediated simultaneous mutation of three\u00a0\n                    <i>salicylic acid 5\u2010hydroxylase<\/i>\n                    (\n                    <i>OsS5H<\/i>\n                    ) genes confers broad\u2010spectrum disease resistance in 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