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However, parthenocarpy, the formation of seedless fruits, represents an alternative pathway. The fruit that grows from the ovary under unpollinated and\/or unfertilised conditions is termed parthenocarpic. This trait is not only desirable to consumers but also contributes to yield stability under adverse environmental conditions. In this study, we demonstrate that overexpression of miR156h regulates parthenocarpy under unpollinated conditions via a gibberellic acid (GA)\u2010dependent pathway. MdSPL13B was found to be involved in MdmiR156h\u2010modulated GA accumulation and parthenocarpy through directly binding to the promoters of\n                    <jats:italic>MdKO<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>MdKAO2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>MdGA20ox<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Furthermore, MdSPL13B was able to indirectly promote GA deactivation by binding to the promoter of\n                    <jats:italic>MdMSI1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , which mediates the histone modification of\n                    <jats:italic>MdGA2ox8<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>MdSPY<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This study provides novel insight into the miR156\u2010SPL\u2010GA regulatory module in parthenocarpy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.70324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T17:03:37Z","timestamp":1755536617000},"page":"5536-5549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["<scp>MicroRNA156<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>SPL13B<\/scp>\n                    Module Induces Parthenocarpy Through the Gibberellin Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4645-2382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Da\u2010Ru","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center of Fruit &amp; Vegetable Quality and Efficient Production, National Key Laboratory of Wheat 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