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Cluster roots exude large levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010solubilizing compounds such as citrate and malate. In contrast, narrow leaf lupin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009angustifolius<\/jats:italic>) is closely related to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009albus<\/jats:italic>, but does not produce cluster roots. To examine the different strategies for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content> acquisition, we compared the growth, biomass allocation, respiratory properties and construction cost between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009albus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009angustifolius<\/jats:italic> under <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010deficient conditions. Both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>upinus<\/jats:italic> species were grown in hydroponic culture with 1 or 100\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M P<\/jats:styled-content>. Under the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010deficient regime, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009albus<\/jats:italic> produced cluster roots with little change in biomass allocation, while <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009angustifolius<\/jats:italic> significantly increased biomass allocation to roots. The rate of cyanide\u2010resistant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SHAM<\/jats:styled-content> (salicylhydroxamic acid)\u2010sensitive respiration was high in cluster roots and very low in roots of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009angustifolius<\/jats:italic>. These results suggest a low alternative oxidase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AOX<\/jats:styled-content>) activity in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009angustifolius<\/jats:italic> roots, and thus, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ATP<\/jats:styled-content> would be produced efficiently in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009angustifolius<\/jats:italic> roots. The construction cost was highest in cluster roots and lowest in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009angustifolius<\/jats:italic> roots. This study shows that under <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009albus<\/jats:italic> produces high\u2010cost cluster roots to increase the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content> availability, while <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>.\u2009angustifolius<\/jats:italic> produces large quantities of low\u2010cost roots to enhance <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content> uptake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.12390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,18]],"date-time":"2014-06-18T16:17:28Z","timestamp":1403108248000},"page":"399-410","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Comparison of the response to phosphorus deficiency in two lupin species, 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