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In this study, the relationship between OsSE5 and hydrogen sulfide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S), a well\u2010known signalling molecule, was investigated. Results showed that NH<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>Cl triggered the induction of <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010cysteine desulfhydrase (<jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010DES)\u2010related H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S production in rice seedling roots. A H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S donor not only alleviated the excess ammonium\u2010triggered inhibition of root growth but also reduced endogenous ammonium, both of which were aggravated by hypotaurine (HT, a H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S scavenger) or <jats:sc>dl<\/jats:sc>\u2010propargylglycine (PAG, a <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010DES inhibitor). Nitrogen metabolism\u2010related enzymes were activated by H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S, thus resulting in the induction of amino acid synthesis and total nitrogen content. Interestingly, the activity of <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\u2010DES, as well as the enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism, was significantly increased in the <jats:italic>OsSE5\u2010<\/jats:italic>overexpression line (<jats:italic>35S:OsSE5<\/jats:italic>), whereas it impaired in the <jats:italic>OsSE5\u2010<\/jats:italic>knockdown mutant (<jats:italic>OsSE5<\/jats:italic>\u2010RNAi). The application of the HT\/PAG or H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S donor could differentially block or rescue NH<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>Cl\u2010hyposensitivity or hypersensitivity phenotypes in <jats:italic>35S:OsSE5\u20101<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>OsSE5<\/jats:italic>\u2010RNAi\u20101 plants, with a concomitant modulation of nitrogen assimilation. Taken together, these results illustrated that H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S function as an indispensable positive regulator participated in OsSE5\u2010promoted ammonium tolerance, in which nitrogen metabolism was facilitated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.12982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,5]],"date-time":"2017-05-05T05:52:46Z","timestamp":1493963566000},"page":"1777-1790","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["<scp>l<\/scp>\u2010cysteine desulfhydrase\u2010related H<sub>2<\/sub>S production is involved in <i>OsSE5<\/i>\u2010promoted ammonium tolerance in roots of <scp><i>Oryza sativa<\/i><\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Hongming","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Center of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University  Nanjing 210095 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