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Here, we report an AtSR1\/CAMTA3\u2010mediated regulatory mechanism involving the expression of the SA receptor, NPR1. Results indicate that the transcriptional expression of <jats:italic>NPR1<\/jats:italic> was regulated by AtSR1 binding to a CGCG box in the <jats:italic>NPR1<\/jats:italic> promotor. The <jats:italic>atsr1<\/jats:italic> mutant exhibited resistance to the virulent strain of <jats:italic>Pseudomonas syringae<\/jats:italic> pv. <jats:italic>tomato<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic>), however, was susceptible to an avirulent <jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic> strain carrying <jats:italic>avrRpt2<\/jats:italic>, due to the failure of the induction of hypersensitive responses. These resistant\/susceptible phenotypes in the <jats:italic>atsr1<\/jats:italic> mutant were reversed in the <jats:italic>npr1<\/jats:italic> mutant background, suggesting that AtSR1 regulates NPR1 as a downstream target during plant immune response. The virulent <jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic> strain triggered a transient elevation in intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentration, whereas the avirulent <jats:italic>Pst<\/jats:italic> strain triggered a prolonged change. The distinct Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> signatures were decoded into the regulation of NPR1 expression through AtSR1's IQ motif binding with Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010free\u2010CaM2, while AtSR1's calmodulin\u2010binding domain with Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010bound\u2010CaM2. These observations reveal a role for AtSR1 as a Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010mediated transcription regulator in controlling the NPR1\u2010mediated plant immune response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T13:51:26Z","timestamp":1623073886000},"page":"3140-3154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Calmodulin\u2010binding transcription activator <scp>AtSR1<\/scp>\/<scp>CAMTA3<\/scp> fine\u2010tunes plant immune response by transcriptional regulation of the salicylate receptor <scp>NPR1<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6328-8337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peiguo","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture Washington State University  Pullman Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5045-560X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kiwamu","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Pathology Washington State University  Pullman Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2324-393X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B. 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