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Zn deficiency responses in rice are well documented, but comparative responses to Zn deficiency and excess have not been reported. Therefore, we compared the physiological, transcriptional and biochemical properties of rice subjected to Zn starvation or excess at early and later treatment stages. Both forms of Zn stress inhibited root and shoot growth. Gene ontology analysis of differentially expressed genes highlighted the overrepresentation of Zn transport and antioxidative defense for both Zn stresses, whereas diterpene biosynthesis was solely induced by excess Zn. Divalent cations (Fe, Cu, Ca, Mn and Mg) accumulated in Zn\u2010deficient shoots but Mg and Mn were depleted in the Zn excess shoots, mirroring the gene expression of non\u2010specific Zn transporters and chelators. Ascorbate peroxidase activity was induced after 14\u2009days of Zn starvation, scavenging H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> more effectively to prevent leaf chlorosis via the Fe\u2010dependent Fenton reaction. Conversely, excess Zn triggered the expression of genes encoding Mg\/Mn\u2010binding proteins (<jats:italic>OsCPS2\/4<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>OsKSL4\/7<\/jats:italic>) required for antimicrobial diterpenoid biosynthesis. Our study reveals the potential role of divalent cations in the shoot, driving the unique responses of rice to each form of Zn stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]],"date-time":"2021-07-19T06:52:46Z","timestamp":1626677566000},"page":"3358-3375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Divalent nutrient cations: Friend and foe during zinc stress in rice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Boon Huat","family":"Cheah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Ling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy National Taiwan University  Taipei 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