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Maize seeds were dressed with four nZVI concentrations (0, 1.0, 1.5, 2\u2009g\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) and inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) (<jats:italic>Funneliformis mosseae<\/jats:italic>). The SEM images illuminated that excessive nZVI particles (2\u2009g\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) were agglomerated on the surface of hyphae and spore, causing severe deformation and inactivation of AMF symbionts and thereafter inhibiting water uptake in maize seedlings. This restrained the scavenging effects of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase) and non\u2010enzymatic compounds (proline &amp; malondialdehyde) on ROS, and leaf photoreduction activity and\u00a0gas exchange ability (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Interestingly, the inoculation with AMF effectively alleviated above negative effects. In contrast, appropriate dose of nZVI, that is, \u22641.5\u2009g\u2009kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, can be evenly distributed on the hyphae surface and form the ordered symbionts with AMF. This help massively to enhance hyphae growth and water and nutrient uptake. The enhanced mycorrhizal infection turned to promote rhizosphere symbiont activity and leaf Rubisco and Rubisco activase activity. Light compensation point was massively lowered, which increased photosynthetic carbon supply for AMF symbionts. Particularly, such priming effects were evidently enhanced by drought stress. Our findings provided a novel insight into functional role of nZVI in agriculture and AMF\u2010led green production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,2]],"date-time":"2022-11-02T02:42:36Z","timestamp":1667356956000},"page":"251-267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Rhizosphere effect of nanoscale zero\u2010valent iron on mycorrhiza\u2010dependent maize assimilation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Yu\u2010Miao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystems, College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology Gansu Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 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