{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:49:51Z","timestamp":1787168991434,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Cell &amp;amp; Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Plants have evolved the ability to respond to a diverse range of biotic and abiotic stresses. Often, combining these stresses multiplies the challenge for the plants, but occasionally the combined stress can induce unexpected synergistic defences. In maize, combined flooding and herbivory induces a salicylic acid (SA)\u2010dependent defence against\n                    <jats:italic>Spodoptera frugiperda<\/jats:italic>\n                    (fall armyworm). In this study we used RNAseq and metabolic profiling to show that flavonoids are involved in maize response to combined flooding and herbivory. To assess the role of flavonoids in flood\u2010induced\n                    <jats:italic>S. frugiperda<\/jats:italic>\n                    resistance, we analyzed the maize\n                    <jats:italic>idf<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant that has compromised expression of chalcone synthase, the first enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis. This flavonoid\u2010deficient mutant was compromised both in flood\u2010induced\n                    <jats:italic>S. frugiperda<\/jats:italic>\n                    resistance and in SA accumulation. These data revealed an unexpected requirement for flavonoids in SA induction. In contrast to\n                    <jats:italic>idf<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the flavonoid 3\u2032 hydroxylase mutant,\n                    <jats:italic>pr1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , showed enhanced SA accumulation after combinatorial treatment, which closely correlated with elevated levels of select flavonoids and the dihydroflavonol reductase, anthocyaninless1 (\n                    <jats:italic>a1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) mutant, was unaffected in its SA\u2010induction. These data indicate that specific flavonoids likely play a role in flood\u2010induced SA accumulation and\n                    <jats:italic>S. frugiperda<\/jats:italic>\n                    resistance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.15496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T08:56:49Z","timestamp":1743497809000},"page":"5169-5183","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Flood\u2010Induced Insect Resistance in Maize Involves Flavonoid\u2010Dependent Salicylic Acid Induction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8180-6003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary","family":"Gorman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit United States Department of Agriculture\u2010Agricultural Research Service Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1404-746X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit United States Department of Agriculture\u2010Agricultural Research Service Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2918-5757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ariel","family":"Sorg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit United States Department of Agriculture\u2010Agricultural Research Service Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8446-2380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine S.","family":"Grissett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit United States Department of Agriculture\u2010Agricultural Research 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R.","family":"Rivers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit United States Department of Agriculture\u2010Agricultural Research Service Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5275-9797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilles J.","family":"Basset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Horticultural Sciences Department University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0577-645X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caitlin C.","family":"Rering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemistry Research Unit United States Department of Agriculture\u2010Agricultural Research Service Gainesville Florida 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