{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:54:40Z","timestamp":1791287680511,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":96,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Cell &amp; Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    High\u2010elevation plants operate within a tightly constrained carbon economy shaped by low temperature, short growing seasons, shallow soils, and reduced atmospheric CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    partial pressure. Elevated CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and climate warming are widely expected to enhance carbon uptake in these systems, yet persistent biomass gains and long\u2010term carbon sequestration remain inconsistent. Here, we synthesise experimental, observational, and modelling evidence to propose a three\u2010gate framework: carbon gain (Gate 1), carbon use (Gate 2), and persistence (Gate 3) to explain alpine plant responses to global change. Elevated CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    frequently increases leaf\u2010level photosynthesis and intrinsic water\u2010use efficiency, while moderate warming can transiently stimulate early\u2010season productivity. However, sink limitation, nutrient imbalance, elevated respiration, and rhizosphere priming constrain structural carbon deployment. Excess assimilates are often diverted to non\u2010structural carbohydrate storage, antioxidant systems, and secondary metabolism rather than durable biomass accumulation. Critically, demographic filters, phenological mismatch, recruitment failure, and stage\u2010specific mortality govern long\u2010term persistence. We argue that persistence, not productivity, ultimately determines alpine carbon stability. Incorporating allocation constraints and demographic processes into ecosystem models is essential for improving projections of mountain carbon\u2013climate feedbacks.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.70533","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:52:42Z","timestamp":1776401562000},"page":"5373-5400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Carbon Gain, Carbon Use, and Persistence: How Elevated CO\u2082 and Warming Reshape High\u2010Elevation Plants"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3384-2012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pallavi","family":"Nautiyal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre (HAPPRC), H.N.B. Garhwal University Srinagar Uttarakhand India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohan Chandra","family":"Nautiyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre (HAPPRC), H.N.B. Garhwal University Srinagar Uttarakhand India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_18_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.70412"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1657\/1523-0430(2003)035[0144:ALVIFN]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17550874.2014.984786"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11104-008-9596-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.14873"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jarmap.2022.100377"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_18_8_1","first-page":"118","article-title":"Elevated CO2 Causes Earlier Flowering in an Alpine Medicinal Herb Aconitum Heterophyllum Wall","volume":"00113891","author":"Chandra S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Current Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-19-4476-5_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_18_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2022.115277"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_18_11_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Lesser Chamber Effect Inside Open Top Chambers Provides Near\u2010Natural Microenvironment for CO2 Enrichment Studies in an Alpine Region of India","volume":"6","author":"Chaturvedi A. 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