{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T16:21:40Z","timestamp":1785860500230,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Cell &amp;amp; Environment"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Flooding stress associated with climate variability requires a better understanding of adaptive plant responses and their regulation in flood\u2010prone systems. This study examines whether dose\u2010dependent modulation of Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/ROS\u2010associated processes influences root porosity and biomass responses in\n                    <jats:italic>Cynodon dactylon<\/jats:italic>\n                    under flooding\u2010related stress. Systematic modulation of Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010ROS\u2010associated processes was examined using CaCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , 3\u2010amino\u20101,2,4\u2010triazole (AT), EGTA, and diphenylene iodonium. The core novelty lies in translating biological signalling into an actionable bioprocess optimisation framework using Hill\/EMAX dose \u2013 response modelling and benchmark dose (BMD) analysis. This methodology defined precise efficacy \u2013 safety windows for chemical application. Principal results demonstrate that low doses of CaCl\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and the ROS inducer AT significantly enhanced root porosity without compromising biomass. Critically, the BMD\n                    <jats:sub>porosity+10<\/jats:sub>\n                    (required dose for 10% porosity gain) was robustly positioned to the left of BMD\n                    <jats:sub>biomass\u201010<\/jats:sub>\n                    (dose causing 10% growth penalty), confirming a safe and effective operational zone. These results provide a quantitative basis for future validation of dose\u2010dependent Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/ROS modulation under more complex environmental conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.70658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T03:15:24Z","timestamp":1780974924000},"page":"6811-6824","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Dose\u2010Response Framework for Ca\n                    <sup>2+<\/sup>\n                    \u2010ROS\u2010Associated Modulation of Aerenchyma Formation Under Flooding Stress"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8836-088X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farkhanda","family":"Naz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Eco\u2010Environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region 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