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Here, we demonstrate that the endophytic fungus\n                    <jats:italic>Penicillium pinophilum<\/jats:italic>\n                    EU0013 suppresses the yellow strain of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV\u2010Y) in\n                    <jats:italic>Solanum lycopersicum<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Nicotiana benthamiana<\/jats:italic>\n                    . CMV\u2010Y infection induced pronounced oxidative and hormonal perturbations, which were mitigated by\n                    <jats:italic>P. pinophilum<\/jats:italic>\n                    colonisation. Endophyte\u2010associated plants exhibited early accumulation of jasmonate intermediates, consistent with the activation of jasmonate signalling. This response promoted the degradation of jasmonate\u2010ZIM\u2010domain proteins and release of core JA\u2010responsive transcription factors. Virus\u2010induced gene silencing identified MYC2 as a key regulator required for endophyte\u2010mediated antiviral protection, with WRKY17 contributing to defence modulation. In parallel, transcriptome analysis revealed the upregulation of a Dicer\u2010like gene, indicating enhanced engagement of RNA silencing, a primary antiviral mechanism targeting viral RNA. This coordinated activation occurred alongside significant induction of pathogenesis\u2010related proteins, particularly PR9, and improved control of reactive oxygen species. Salicylic acid\u2010responsive defences showed a host\u2010modulated pattern, with PR1 induced by CMV and PR2\/PR5 preferentially enhanced in endophyte\u2010associated plants. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that\n                    <jats:italic>P. pinophilum<\/jats:italic>\n                    enhances antiviral immunity through coordinated defence integration pathways, providing a framework for endophyte\u2010based viral disease management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.70741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T10:32:38Z","timestamp":1784284358000},"page":"8521-8539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tripartite Interaction Between\n                    <i>Penicillium pinophilum\u2010<\/i>\n                    Host Plants and CMV\u2010Y: A Model for Endophyte\u2010Mediated Viral Biocontrol"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Sarah R.","family":"Ibiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Plant\u2010Microbe Interactions, Institute of Plant Science and 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