{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T13:05:09Z","timestamp":1791810309252,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31870649"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31870649"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Cell &amp;amp; Environment"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Forest ecosystems face escalating threats from climate change alongside a surging demand for sustainable bioproducts. While conventional tree breeding is inherently constrained by long generation cycles, high heterozygosity, and complex genomes, CRISPR\u2010based genome editing provides a precision framework for targeted genetic improvement. This review synthesises the fundamental principles and limitations of multiple gene\u2010editing technologies, with a particular emphasis on CRISPR systems (Cas9, Cas12, and Cas13), in the specific context of woody perennial biology. Recent applications in key forest genera, including\n                    <jats:italic>Populus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Pinus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Eucalyptus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , demonstrate the efficacy of these gene\u2010editing tools in manipulating complex traits, such as rewiring phytohormone signalling networks for drought tolerance or remodelling root system architecture to combat abiotic stress. We critically evaluate persistent translational bottlenecks in forest tree genome editing, with a specific focus on recalcitrant, genotype\u2010dependent regeneration and the multifaceted challenges of long\u2010term field validation. Finally, we highlight how synergising CRISPR technologies with multi\u2010omics, genomic selection, and high\u2010throughput phenomics can accelerate the development and application of climate\u2010resilient woody perennials.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.70840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T05:14:04Z","timestamp":1787548444000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Gene Editing in Forest Tree Breeding for Stress Resistance: From Mechanisms to Future Prospects"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Tabeer","family":"Gulfam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-7277-7713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanxin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiyong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yashfeen","family":"Gulfam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MNS\u2010University of Agriculture Multan Punjab Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2000-2918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zihan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haizhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6909-4408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fude","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Forestry Science of Heilongjiang Province Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0922-5954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingli","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University Harbin Heilongjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1911","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-04252-2","article-title":"The CRISPR Tool Kit for Genome Editing and Beyond","volume":"9","author":"Adli 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