{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:03:57Z","timestamp":1789707837497,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Cell &amp; Environment"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Lianas are abundant and influential in tropical forests but decline sharply in cooler regions. This pattern has been attributed to their reliance on a small number of large vessels, which are vulnerable to freeze\u2013thaw embolism. However, the hydraulic functioning of lianas in cooler regions remains poorly understood. We examined the hydraulic properties of nine tree and four liana species in a cool\u2010temperate forest. Compared with tree branches of similar diameter and age, liana branches had substantially wider vessels and, on average, 10 times greater specific conductivity (\n                    <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), supporting approximately six times more leaf area. While they experienced a nearly complete loss of\n                    <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    during winter, conductivity was fully restored before or during leaf expansion. This recovery was achieved either by refilling embolised vessels using positive xylem pressure or by reconstructing the hydraulic pathway with newly formed vessels, similar to mechanisms observed in trees. Seasonal sap\u2010flow patterns during the growing season fell within the range observed for trees. Thus, cool\u2010temperate lianas maintained hydraulic function at least as effectively as trees. Our results do not support a simple freeze\u2010vulnerability hypothesis but instead suggest that the ecological success of cool\u2010temperate lianas depends strongly on mechanisms that restore stem hydraulic function after winter.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.70889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:17:46Z","timestamp":1789705066000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hydraulic Strategies of Cool\u2010Temperate Trees and Lianas Against Freeze\u2013Thaw Embolism: Is Cold Winter More Severe on Lianas?"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9720-3984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryuji","family":"Ichihashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ashoro Research Forest, Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University Ashoro Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7823-2931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haruhiko","family":"Taneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nikko Botanical Garden, Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Nikko Tochigi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4939-2995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Utsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ashoro Research Forest, Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University Ashoro Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/24.7.785"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00468-004-0388-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/forest:2006042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.110.162396"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.760859"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.13036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erm029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ecolsys-110421-102101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2656919"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agrformet.2017.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2444366"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"The Biology of Vines","author":"Gentry A. H.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcae077"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266467400001437"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3558409"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2015.0665"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1051\/forest:19850204","article-title":"Une Nouvelle M\u00e9thode Pour La Mesure Du Flux De S\u00e8ve Brute Dans Le Tronc Des Arbres","volume":"42","author":"Granier A.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Annales des Sciences Foresti\u00e8res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/tpaa106"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/Bf00330005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.12777"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1504869112"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.12881"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2745.2011.01808.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.13391"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2026.04.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3732\/ajb.1200140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/22.4.277"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.12045"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.16.00136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/plb.70005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.baae.2023.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcaf138"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118392409.ch15","volume-title":"Ecology of Lianas","author":"Ladwig L. M.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.70226"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.10486"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8137.2010.03181.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.13607"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2745.13644"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2041-210X.2012.00204.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2435.12868"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15017\/1805817"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1948.0037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/fee.2266"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/rec.13886"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004680050216"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.105.067900"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2387827"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2745.12211"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-03162-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.2666"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.17085"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/431250"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.15431"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ecy.2655"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/hess-11-210-2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3040.1988.tb01774.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0016-8025.2001.00799.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.83.2.414"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1939633"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/25.3.299"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2656720"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.117.4.1463"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.121.3.897"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.12534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fecs.2022.100070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1438-8677.2008.00062.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/20.8.511","article-title":"Radial Variation in Sap Velocity as a Function of Stem Diameter and Sapwood Thickness in Yellow\u2010Poplar Trees","volume":"20","author":"Wullschleger S. D.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tree Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mct236"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.14567"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/tpz070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1057175"}],"container-title":["Plant, Cell &amp; Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pce.70889","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pce.70889","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pce.70889","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:17:49Z","timestamp":1789705069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pce.70889"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pce.70889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pce.70889","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-7791","1365-3040"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-7791","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3040","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"pce.70889"}}