{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T14:01:56Z","timestamp":1791468116773,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004189","name":"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004189","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Cell &amp; Environment"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cytokinins (CKs), classically recognised as plant growth regulators, are increasingly implicated in plant\u2010microbe interactions. Studies in herbaceous plants suggest that CKs can function as signalling molecules with dual roles in plant defence, either restricting or facilitating pathogen infection. However, their roles in tree\u2010pathogen interactions remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated CK induction, metabolism, and functions in black poplar (\n                    <jats:italic>Populus nigra<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) during infection by the rust fungus\n                    <jats:italic>Melampsora larici\u2010populina<\/jats:italic>\n                    , an obligate biotrophic pathogen. We found that most isoprenoid CKs accumulated rapidly in poplar leaves after rust inoculation but declined during the fungal proliferation and sporulation stages. In contrast, poplar\u2010specific aromatic CKs, such as topolins, were induced throughout infection. Exogenous application of the predominant isoprenoid CK\n                    <jats:italic>trans<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010zeatin (\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    Z) and poplar\u2010specific aromatic CK (topolins) significantly enhanced rust colonisation. Elevated CKs reduced the accumulation of antifungal flavan\u20103\u2010ols and defence\u2010related hormones, including salicylic acid and jasmonates. Furthermore, increased CK levels, especially\n                    <jats:italic>ortho<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010topolin, markedly increased free amino acid concentrations, potentially enhancing nutrient availability for the biotrophic rust. Collectively, our results reveal that poplar CKs weaken the tree's chemical defences while enhancing the accumulation of host\u2010derived nutrients, thereby promoting infection by the rust fungus. These findings reveal a previously unexplored role of CKs in tree\u2010pathogen interactions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.70953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T13:25:38Z","timestamp":1791465938000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cytokinins Promote Rust Susceptibility in Poplar by Suppressing Defence Signalling, Reducing Defence Accumulation and Reprogramming Primary Metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8898-669X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chhana","family":"Ullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena Germany"},{"name":"Department of Forest Phytopathobiomes University of G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahalya","family":"Rajendran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarrin","family":"Shahadat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6691-6500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Reichelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0262-2634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Almuth","family":"Hammerbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology and Entomology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1812-1551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Gershenzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena Germany"},{"name":"Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague  Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.01777","article-title":"Role of Cytokinins for Interactions of Plants With Microbial Pathogens and Pest Insects","volume":"10","author":"Akhtar S. S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2727","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraa610","article-title":"A Genome\u2010Wide Association Study Reveals Cytokinin as a Major Component in the Root Defense Responses Against Ralstonia solanacearum","volume":"72","author":"Alonso\u2010D\u00edaz A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002448","article-title":"Two\u2010Component Elements Mediate Interactions Between Cytokinin and Salicylic Acid in Plant Immunity","volume":"8","author":"Argueso C. T.","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.16.00583","article-title":"Cytokinin\u2010Mediated Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis Modulates Stomatal Immunity in Arabidopsis","volume":"29","author":"Arnaud D.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2678","DOI":"10.1007\/s00344-021-10466-4","article-title":"Trichoderma Synthesizes Cytokinins and Alters Cytokinin Dynamics of Inoculated Arabidopsis Seedlings","volume":"41","author":"Bean K. M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Plant Growth Regulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12791","article-title":"Cytokinin Signalling Inhibitory Fields Provide Robustness to Phyllotaxis","volume":"505","author":"Besnard F.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.17156","article-title":"Laser Dissection\u2010Assisted Phloem Transcriptomics Highlights the Metabolic and Physiological Changes Accompanying Clubroot Disease Progression in Oilseed Rape","volume":"121","author":"Blicharz S.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plant Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005457","article-title":"Cytokinin Production by the Rice Blast Fungus Is a Pivotal Requirement for Full Virulence","volume":"12","author":"Chanclud E.","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Pathogens"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2010.07.011","article-title":"The Cytokinin\u2010Activated Transcription Factor ARR2 Promotes Plant Immunity via TGA3\/NPR1\u2010Dependent Salicylic Acid Signaling in Arabidopsis","volume":"19","author":"Choi J.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Developmental Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-014-1652-1","article-title":"Differential Regulation of Cytokinin Oxidase Genes and Cytokinin\u2010Induced Auxin Biosynthesis by Cellular Cytokinin Level in Transgenic Poplars","volume":"33","author":"Choi Y. I.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Cell Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.13494","article-title":"Cytokinin Action in Response to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Plants","volume":"42","author":"Cortleven A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant, Cell and Environment"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2016.00014","article-title":"Optimization of Engineered Production of the Glucoraphanin Precursor Dihomomethionine in Nicotiana Benthamiana","volume":"4","author":"Crocoll C.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s00344-009-9135-2","article-title":"Cytokinin Primes Plant Responses to Wounding and Reduces Insect Performance","volume":"29","author":"Dervinis C.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Plant Growth Regulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1078\/0176-1617-01255","article-title":"Salicylic Acid\u2010, but Not Cytokinin\u2010Induced, Resistance to WClMV is Associated With Increased Expression of SA\u2010Dependent Resistance Genes in Phaseolus vulgaris","volume":"161","author":"G\u00e1lis I.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.111.182931","article-title":"Cytokinins Mediate Resistance Against Pseudomonas syringae in Tobacco Through Increased Antimicrobial Phytoalexin Synthesis Independent of Salicylic Acid Signaling","volume":"157","author":"Gro\u00dfkinsky D. K.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1111\/ppa.13279","article-title":"Cytokinin Induces Bacterial Pathogen Resistance in Tomato","volume":"70","author":"Gupta R.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plant Pathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/716041","article-title":"The Poplar\u2010Poplar Rust Interaction: Insights From Genomics and Transcriptomics","volume":"2011","author":"Hacquard S.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Pathogens"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.12544","article-title":"The Pseudomonas Type III Effector HopQ1 Activates Cytokinin Signaling and Interferes With Plant Innate Immunity","volume":"201","author":"Hann D. R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.16310","article-title":"Distinct Metabolism of N\u2010Glucosides of Isopentenyladenine and Trans\u2010Zeatin Determines Cytokinin Metabolic Spectrum in Arabidopsis","volume":"225","author":"Ho\u0161ek P.","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2170","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15895-5","article-title":"Synergistic on Auxin and Cytokinin 1 Positively Regulates Growth and Attenuates Soil Pathogen Resistance","volume":"11","author":"Hurn\u00fd A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-arplant-042811-105503","article-title":"Cytokinin Signaling Networks","volume":"63","author":"Hwang I.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Annual Review of Plant Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.16.01962","article-title":"Poplar MYB115 and MYB134 Transcription Factors Regulate Proanthocyanidin Synthesis and Structure","volume":"174","author":"James A. M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-019-03152-z","article-title":"Occurrence and Biosynthesis of Cytokinins in Poplar","volume":"250","author":"Jaworek P.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pce112","article-title":"Identification of Plant Cytokinin Biosynthetic Enzymes as Dimethylallyl Diphosphate: ATP\/ADP Isopentenyltransferases","volume":"42","author":"Kakimoto T.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plant and Cell Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s10265-003-0095-5","article-title":"Biosynthesis of Cytokinins","volume":"116","author":"Kakimoto T.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Plant Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3152","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.109.068676","article-title":"Functional Analyses of LONELY GUY Cytokinin\u2010Activating Enzymes Reveal the Importance of the Direct Activation Pathway in Arabidopsis","volume":"21","author":"Kuroha T.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiab111","article-title":"A Peroxisomal \u03b2\u2010Oxidative Pathway Contributes to the Formation of C6\u2013C1 Aromatic Volatiles in Poplar","volume":"186","author":"Lackus N. D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1007\/s10886-015-0641-3","article-title":"Feeding on Leaves of the Glucosinolate Transporter Mutant gtr1gtr2 Reduces Fitness of Myzus Persicae","volume":"41","author":"Madsen S. R.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Chemical Ecology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(83)80200-3","article-title":"Cytokinin Catabolism and Cytokinin Oxidase","volume":"22","author":"McGaw B. A.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.677585","article-title":"Cytokinin Regulation of Source\u2010Sink Relationships in Plant\u2010Pathogen Interactions","volume":"12","author":"McIntyre K. E.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1145461","article-title":"Advances in Cytokinin Signaling","volume":"318","author":"Mu\u0308ller B.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20032","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0805617106","article-title":"Cytokinin Signaling Regulates Cambial Development in Poplar","volume":"105","author":"Nieminen K.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2169","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.111.087395","article-title":"Analysis of Cytokinin Mutants and Regulation of Cytokinin Metabolic Genes Reveals Important Regulatory Roles of Cytokinins in Drought, Salt and Abscisic Acid Responses, and Abscisic Acid Biosynthesis","volume":"23","author":"Nishiyama R.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/aobpla\/plx067","article-title":"Drought Effects on the Tissue\u2010And Cell\u2010Specific Cytokinin Activity in Poplar","volume":"10","author":"Paul S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"AoB Plants"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.00652","article-title":"Tissue\u2010and Cell\u2010Specific Cytokinin Activity in Populus \u00d7 canescens Monitored by ARR5:: Gus Reporter Lines in Summer and Winter","volume":"7","author":"Paul S.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0811683106","article-title":"Identification of Rhodococcus Fascians Cytokinins and Their Modus Operandi to Reshape the Plant","volume":"106","author":"Pertry I.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.109.137505","article-title":"The Cytokinin Type\u2010B Response Regulator PtRR13 is a Negative Regulator of Adventitious Root Development in Populus","volume":"150","author":"Rami\u0301rez\u2010Carvajal G. A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105231","article-title":"Cytokinins: Activity, Biosynthesis, and Translocation","volume":"57","author":"Sakakibara H.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annual Review of Plant Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","first-page":"1143","article-title":"Regulation by Cytokinins of Endogenous Levels of Jasmonic and Salicylic Acids in Mechanically Wounded Tobacco [Nicotiana tabacum] Plants","volume":"37","author":"Sano H.","year":"1996","journal-title":"Plant and Cell Physiology (Japan)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1111\/jipb.12227","article-title":"Cytokinin Levels and Signaling Respond to Wounding and the Perception of Herbivore Elicitors in Nicotiana attenuata","volume":"57","author":"Sch\u00e4fer M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Integrative Plant Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.13404","article-title":"Cytokinin Concentrations and Chase\u2010Domain Containing His Kinase 2 (NaCHK2)\u2010and NaCHK3\u2010Mediated Perception Modulate Herbivory\u2010Induced Defense Signaling and Defenses in Nicotiana attenuata","volume":"207","author":"Sch\u00e4fer M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.1167","article-title":"Cytokinin Analysis: Sample Preparation and Quantification","volume":"4","author":"Sch\u00e4fer M.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bio\u2010protocol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12669","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1503657112","article-title":"A Parasitic Nematode Releases Cytokinin That Controls Cell Division and Orchestrates Feeding Site Formation in Host Plants","volume":"112","author":"Siddique S.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1094\/MPMI-19-0480","article-title":"Transcriptome Analysis of Arabidopsis Clubroots Indicate a Key Role for Cytokinins in Disease Development","volume":"19","author":"Siemens J.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Molecular Plant\u2010Microbe Interactions\u00ae"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/1574-6968.12119","article-title":"The Leafy Gall Syndrome Induced by Rhodococcus fascians","volume":"342","author":"Stes E.","year":"2013","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiology Letters"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41866","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M406337200","article-title":"Arabidopsis CYP735A1 and CYP735A2 Encode Cytokinin Hydroxylases That Catalyze the Biosynthesis of Trans\u2010Zeatin","volume":"279","author":"Takei K.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2007.11.005","article-title":"Cytokinin Signaling: Two\u2010Components and More","volume":"13","author":"To J. P. C.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends in Plant Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.18148","article-title":"Lack of Antagonism Between Salicylic Acid and Jasmonate Signalling Pathways in Poplar","volume":"235","author":"Ullah C.","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.15396","article-title":"Salicylic Acid Activates Poplar Defense Against the Biotrophic Rust Fungus Melampsora larici\u2010populina via Increased Biosynthesis of Catechin and Proanthocyanidins","volume":"221","author":"Ullah C.","year":"2019","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.17.00842","article-title":"Flavan\u20103\u2010Ols Are an Effective Chemical Defense Against Rust Infection","volume":"175","author":"Ullah C.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.01441","article-title":"Accumulation of Catechin and Proanthocyanidins in Black Poplar Stems After Infection by Plectosphaerella populi: Hormonal Regulation, Biosynthesis and Antifungal Activity","volume":"10","author":"Ullah C.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers of Plant Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbi.2023.102349","article-title":"The Diversity of Salicylic Acid Biosynthesis and Defense Signaling in Plants: Knowledge Gaps and Future Opportunities","volume":"72","author":"Ullah C.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Plant Biology"}],"container-title":["Plant, Cell &amp; Environment"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pce.70953","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pce.70953","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pce.70953","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T13:25:45Z","timestamp":1791465945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pce.70953"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pce.70953"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pce.70953","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0140-7791","1365-3040"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0140-7791","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3040","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-24","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"pce.70953"}}