{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:55:40Z","timestamp":1791302140176,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004807","name":"California Department of Fish and Game","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EL 1038\/2\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EL 1038\/2\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Cell &amp; Environment"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Plant\u2010parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause major crop losses, while current nematicides face increasing regulatory restrictions and often show inconsistent efficacy. We tested whether nematode\u2010associated cues activate rhizosphere microbiomes and cuticle\u2010associated fungi to produce suppressive metabolites that impair nematodes and stimulate host defence. Maize rhizosphere microbiomes from different soils and fungal isolates recovered from nematode cuticles were exposed to\n                    <jats:italic>Meloidogyne hapla<\/jats:italic>\n                    , after which cell\u2010free filtrates were assessed for juvenile mortality, root invasion, gall formation, egg production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in tomato. Nematode\u2010conditioned microbiome filtrates increased\n                    <jats:italic>M. hapla<\/jats:italic>\n                    juvenile mortality relative to nonconditioned controls across soils, although the magnitude of this effect varied with soil origin. Several fungal isolates also showed suppressive activity against\n                    <jats:italic>Pratylenchus penetrans<\/jats:italic>\n                    in maize and\n                    <jats:italic>M. hapla<\/jats:italic>\n                    in tomato, with distinct outcomes across biological assays. Among them,\n                    <jats:italic>Akanthomyces<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. F20\/JKI73389 was selected for mechanistic follow\u2010up: stimulation by\n                    <jats:italic>M. hapla<\/jats:italic>\n                    , or by nematode\u2010derived molecules, induced F20 to release a filtrate that reduced nematode root invasion and triggered a strong ROS response in host tissue. UHPLC\u2010MS analysis further revealed a distinct nematode\u2010induced metabolite profile in F20, including six candidate features that were absent from non\u2010stimulated controls and were provisionally associated with enhanced nematode mortality. These results support a model in which nematode\u2010derived cues alter the metabolite output of indigenous rhizosphere microbes and associated fungi in ways linked to nematode suppression and host defence, highlighting their potential as environmentally compatible tools for PPN management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.70964","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:11:45Z","timestamp":1791299505000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rhizosphere Microbiomes Respond to Plant\u2010Parasitic Nematode Cues and Contribute to Host Defence"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9662-283X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed","family":"Elhady","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius K\u00fchn Institute (JKI) \u2013 Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants Braunschweig Germany"},{"name":"Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University Benha Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0426-7039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samad","family":"Ashrafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius K\u00fchn Institute (JKI) \u2013 Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants Braunschweig Germany"},{"name":"Department of Zoology and Entomology Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, University of the Free State Bloemfontein South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan\u2010Peer","family":"Wennrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Microbial Drugs Helmholtz Center for Infection Research Braunschweig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7284-8671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc","family":"Stadler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department Microbial Drugs Helmholtz Center for Infection Research Braunschweig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3119-9633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heribert","family":"Hirt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Darwin21 Desert Research Initiative, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Department King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6044-8171","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Holger","family":"Heuer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Julius K\u00fchn Institute (JKI) \u2013 Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants Braunschweig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0180032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2015.253"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","first-page":"142","article-title":"An Improved Technique for Clearing and Staining Plant Tissues for Detection of Nematodes","volume":"15","author":"Bybd D. 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