{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:51:21Z","timestamp":1791312681970,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,21]],"date-time":"2013-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Melanoma represents a significant malignancy in humans and dogs. Different from genetically engineered models, sporadic canine melanocytic neoplasms share several characteristics with human disease that could make dogs a more relevant preclinical model. Canine melanomas rarely arise in sun\u2010exposed sites. Most occur in the oral cavity, with a subset having intra\u2010epithelial malignant melanocytes mimicking the in situ component of human mucosal melanoma. The spectrum of canine melanocytic neoplasia includes benign lesions with some analogy to nevi, as well as invasive primary melanoma, and widespread metastasis. Growing evidence of distinct subtypes in humans, differing in somatic and predisposing germ\u2010line genetic alterations, cell of origin, epidemiology, relationship to ultraviolet radiation and progression from benign to malignant tumors, may also exist in dogs. Canine and human mucosal melanomas appear to harbor\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRAF<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NRAS<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>c\u2010kit<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations uncommonly, compared with human cutaneous melanomas, although both species share\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AKT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAPK<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    signaling activation. We conclude that there is significant overlap in the clinical and histopathological features of canine and human mucosal melanomas. This represents opportunity to explore canine oral cavity melanoma as a preclinical model.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,15]],"date-time":"2013-10-15T12:58:38Z","timestamp":1381841918000},"page":"37-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":141,"title":["Sporadic naturally occurring melanoma in dogs as a preclinical model for human melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"R. 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Glen","family":"Esplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Reference Pathology Division ARUP Laboratories Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca C.","family":"Smedley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Piris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatopathology Unit Pathology Service Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald J.","family":"Meuten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matti","family":"Kiupel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation Michigan State University Lansing MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chyi\u2010Chia R.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology Center for Cancer Research National Cancer Institute Bethesda MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerrold M.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Vet Pathology Inc. 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