{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T13:19:47Z","timestamp":1780406387898,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]],"date-time":"2020-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was aimed to analyze expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells (<jats:italic>NFATs<\/jats:italic>), forkhead box P3 (<jats:italic>FOXP3),<\/jats:italic> and their associated genes (s<jats:italic>CTLA4, flCTLA4, IL10, TGFB, IL2, IL4, CD25)<\/jats:italic> in regulatory T cells (Tregs) of 48 generalized vitiligo (GV) patients and 45 unaffected controls. The transcripts of <jats:italic>NFATC1<\/jats:italic> to <jats:italic>NFATC4, FOXP3, IL10, flCTLA4<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0001), <jats:italic>NFAT5<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0003), <jats:italic>sCTLA4<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001), and FOXP3 protein in Tregs and plasma IL\u201010 levels were reduced significantly (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0001) in GV Tregs compared to controls. The <jats:italic>FOXP3<\/jats:italic> promoter polymorphisms [rs3761548(C\u00a0&gt;\u00a0A), rs3761547(A\u00a0&gt;\u00a0G), and rs2232365(A\u00a0&gt;\u00a0G)] revealed significantly decreased FOXP3 protein levels in patients' Tregs with susceptible AA, GG, and GG genotypes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0001, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.028, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.022, respectively). The active vitiligo Tregs showed reduced levels of <jats:italic>NFATC3, NFATC4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>NFAT5, FOXP3, TGFB, and flCTLA4<\/jats:italic> transcripts (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0005, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0003, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0002, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.020, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0001, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.006, respectively) and FOXP3 and TGF\u2010\u03b2 proteins (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0394 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0013) compared to stable vitiligo. Early\u2010onset patients (1\u201320\u00a0years) demonstrated decreased <jats:italic>IL\u201010, sCTLA\u20104, flCTLA\u20104, TGFB, and FOXP3<\/jats:italic> transcripts and FOXP3 protein as compared to late\u2010onset patients (41\u201360\u00a0years) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.003, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.009, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.005, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.038, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0226, respectively). Overall, our results for the first time suggest a likely role of <jats:italic>NFATs<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>FOXP3<\/jats:italic> together with Treg immune\u2010suppressive genes in GV pathogenesis and disease progression, warranting additional investigations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,9]],"date-time":"2020-01-09T18:50:10Z","timestamp":1578595810000},"page":"566-578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Altered expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells, forkhead box P3, and immune\u2010suppressive genes in regulatory T cells of generalized vitiligo patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Prashant S.","family":"Giri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology Faculty of Science Uka Tarsadia University Surat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8497-0765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitesh","family":"Dwivedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology Faculty of Science Uka Tarsadia University Surat India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naresh C.","family":"Laddha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"In vitro Speciality Lab Pvt. Ltd. Ahmedabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3446-0980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rasheedunnisa","family":"Begum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda Vadodara India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankit H.","family":"Bharti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Hospital Tapi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12160"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/423490"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2010.337"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401463"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2013.540"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2009.02308.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.3.1041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-148X.2011.00892.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2013.2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2004.00566.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1009193107"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/145409","article-title":"Decreased circulating T regulatory cells in Egyptian patients with nonsegmental vitiligo: Correlation with disease activity","volume":"2015","author":"Hegab D. 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