{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:53:33Z","timestamp":1747187613693,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]],"date-time":"2023-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1673827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008239","name":"Highlands and Islands Enterprise","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008239","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have fundamentally improved survival from advanced cutaneous melanoma. Significant efforts have been made to understand the ICI response to identify ways to further improve outcomes. One such approach has been to investigate gene expression associated with response to ICI, which has identified various immune\u2010related mRNA signatures, including a six\u2010gene IFN\u2010\u03b3 signature (IFN\u2010\u03b3<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>), an expanded immune signature (IFN\u2010\u03b3<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>), an effector T\u2010cell gene signature (T<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub>), and a T<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub>\u2010associated and IFN\u2010\u03b3\u2010associated gene signature (T<jats:sub>eff<\/jats:sub>\u2009+\u2009IFN\u2010\u03b3). Given that these signatures appear to reflect expression from T cells and the level of tumour\u2010infiltrating immune cells has been associated with survival, we hypothesised that the prognostic value of the signatures is not limited to ICI treatment and investigated if they were associated with survival also in patients who never received ICI. The signatures were not present in melanoma cell lines when compared with tumour samples, confirming that the signatures were likely derived from the samples' non\u2010tumour (immune) components. We acquired expression and survival data from five melanoma cohorts with a wide range of disease stages, treatments and metrics for survival, and correlated the expression signatures with survival. All four signatures were significantly associated (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) with survival in four of five cohorts, with hazard ratios ranging from 0.69 to 0.92. We conclude that these immune signatures' association with survival is not specific to ICI\u2010treated patients, but present in a number of settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.13080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T03:58:17Z","timestamp":1673236697000},"page":"246-251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Immune signatures in cutaneous melanoma correlate with survival independently of immunotherapy treatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7015-5452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter A.","family":"Johansson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4760-1033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas K.","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonia L.","family":"Pritchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Department of Genetics and Immunology, Division of Biomedical Science University of the Highlands and Islands  Inverness UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI91190"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905139106"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2016000786"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu170"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1402659"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.202012118"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.05.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21349"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470\u20102045(20)30062\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2286217"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(16)00587\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05661"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078\u20100432.CCR\u201009\u20102509"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587\u2010019\u20100201\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb\u20102009\u201010\u20103\u2010r25"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1910836"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp352"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.283"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3122"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078\u20100432.CCR\u201013\u20103122"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa1348"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2020.02.042"}],"container-title":["Pigment Cell &amp; 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