{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T15:25:41Z","timestamp":1785684341840,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pediatric melanomas are rare tumors that have clinical and histological differences from adult melanomas. In adult melanoma, the immunohistochemical marker PRAME is increasingly employed as a diagnostic adjunct. PRAME is also under investigation as a target structure for next\u2010generation immunotherapies including T\u2010cell engagers. Little is known about the characteristics of PRAME expression in pediatric melanoma. In this retrospective study, samples from 25 pediatric melanomas were compared with control groups of melanomas in young adults (18\u201330\u2009years; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200932), adult melanoma (&gt;30\u2009years, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930), and benign melanocytic nevi in children (0\u201318\u2009years; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930) with regard to the immunohistochemical expression of PRAME (diffuse PRAME expression &gt;75%\/absolute expression). Pediatric melanomas show lower diffuse PRAME expression (4%) and lower absolute PRAME expression (25%) compared to young adult melanomas (15.6%\/46.8%) and adult melanomas (50%\/70%). A significant age\u2010dependent expression could be observed. An analysis of event\u2010free survival shows no prognostic role for PRAME in pediatric melanoma and young adult melanoma, but a significant association with diffuse PRAME expression in adulthood. The age dependency of PRAME expression poses a potential pitfall in the diagnostic application of melanocytic tumors in young patients and may limit therapeutic options within this age group. The immunohistochemical expression of the tumor\u2010associated antigen PRAME is an increasingly important diagnostic marker for melanocytic tumors and is gaining attention as a possible immunotherapeutic target in melanoma. As the available data primarily stem from adult melanoma, and given the clinical and histological distinctions in pediatric melanomas, our understanding of PRAME expression in this specific patient group remains limited. The age\u2010dependent low PRAME expression shown here constrains the use of this marker in pediatric melanoma and may also limit the use of immunotherapeutic strategies against PRAME in young patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.13167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,21]],"date-time":"2024-03-21T06:49:10Z","timestamp":1711003750000},"page":"453-461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Characterization of <scp>PRAME<\/scp> immunohistochemistry reveals lower expression in pediatric melanoma compared to adult melanoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1274-2613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Forchhammer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen  T\u00fcbingen 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and Applied Genomics Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen  T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Liebmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen  T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Abele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen  T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Wild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital Eberhard Karls University of T\u00fcbingen  T\u00fcbingen 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