{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T10:08:00Z","timestamp":1764151680780,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Melasma, a refractory hyperpigmentation disorder, requires noninvasive tools for accurate pathological assessment. This study compared two\u2010photon microscopy (TPM) and reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) for the in\u00a0vivo characterization of melasma pathology. In this cross\u2010sectional study, TPM and RCM features and imaging clarity were evaluated in 130 melasma patients. Spearman correlation analyses were performed between TPM\u2010quantified epidermal melanin, the melanin index (MI), and the individual typology angle (ITA). Features were also compared between active and stable disease stages. TPM and RCM showed substantial agreement in detecting increased epidermal melanin (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.651), activated melanocytes at the dermal\u2010epidermal junction (DEJ) (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.711), and flattened rete ridges (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.691) (all\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). TPM excelled in visualizing intracellular melanin distribution, pendulous melanocytes under the DEJ, and solar elastosis, while RCM better identified activated melanocytes at the DEJ. TPM\u2010quantified epidermal melanin content correlated positively with MI and negatively with ITA. RCM\u2010detected dermal inflammatory cells were more prevalent in active than in stable melasma. In conclusion, TPM and RCM synergistically capture critical melasma features, with TPM assessing disease severity via epidermal melanin quantification, whereas RCM reflects disease activity by detecting inflammatory cells. This provides clinicians with tailored imaging tools for precision management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.70057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T04:54:33Z","timestamp":1759294473000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Noninvasive Assessment of Melasma Pathological Features: Side\u2010By\u2010Side Comparison of Two\u2010Photon Microscopy and Reflectance Confocal Microscopy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2924-6034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Ning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jungang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing China"},{"name":"Peking University China\u2010Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6046-112X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongfei","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing China"},{"name":"China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences) Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lingfan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing China"},{"name":"China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences) Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5372-136X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziyuan","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing China"},{"name":"China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences) Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingkai","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6022-3359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yujun","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0212-2664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xianbo","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Big Data Standardization &amp; Integration  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6314-3610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing China"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology China\u2010Japan Friendship Hospital  Beijing China"},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Big Data Standardization &amp; Integration  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2010.03633.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14382"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.15069"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abd.2021.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25259\/IJDVL_126_2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19971"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.13340"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1276906"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijd.ijd_287_23"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.09.084"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.15827"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.17453"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.17117"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000002715"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.00983.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.01057.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0007-0963.2001.04556.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2007.00669.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-71901-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12756"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2022.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000000984"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2021.1914313"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-024-00882-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12573"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.17522"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-18657-z"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","first-page":"110","article-title":"Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Melasma in China (2021 Version)","volume":"54","author":"Pigmentary Disorder Group, Combination of Traditional and Western Medicine Dermatology, Research Center for Vitiligo, Chinese Society of Dermatology, Working Group on Pigmentary Disorders, China Dermatologist Association","year":"2021","journal-title":"Zhonghua Pifuke Zazhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-023-00915-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aag2202"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ced\/llad266"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0000000000000378"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.11.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.11.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.154585"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.70006"}],"container-title":["Pigment Cell &amp; Melanoma Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pcmr.70057","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T09:32:01Z","timestamp":1764149521000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pcmr.70057"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pcmr.70057"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcmr.70057","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1755-1471","1755-148X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1755-1471"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1755-148X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-16","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70057"}}