{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T11:49:06Z","timestamp":1782906546358,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,22]],"date-time":"2013-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382400000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"Aim:\u2002<\/jats:title>The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of apathy, and to compare vascular mild cognitive impairment (vMCI<\/jats:styled-content>), amnestic MCI<\/jats:styled-content> (amMCI<\/jats:styled-content>), and other type using Clinical Assessment for Spontaneity (CAS<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:title>Agreement to take part in the study was obtained from 590 community dwellers, aged \u226575\u2009years living in K<\/jats:styled-content>urihara, J<\/jats:styled-content>apan. Of the 590 subjects, 221 had a clinical dementia rating (CDR<\/jats:styled-content>) of 0 (normal); 295 had CDR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.5 (mild cognitive impairment; MCI<\/jats:styled-content>); and 74 had CDR<\/jats:styled-content> 1+ (dementia). The CDR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.5 subjects were divided into three groups: 55 with vMCI<\/jats:styled-content> (E<\/jats:styled-content>rkinjuntti et\u2009al<\/jats:italic>. criteria), 91 with amMCI<\/jats:styled-content> and 149 with other type. To evaluate the various aspects of apathy, we used the three CAS subscales: clinical interview (CAS<\/jats:styled-content>1), self\u2010evaluation (CAS<\/jats:styled-content>2), and caregiver assessment (CAS<\/jats:styled-content>3). Three analyses were then performed to determine: (i) the validity of CAS<\/jats:styled-content>; (ii) the prevalence rate of apathy in CDR<\/jats:styled-content> 0 versus CDR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.5 versus CDR<\/jats:styled-content> 1+; and (iii) the prevalence rate of apathy in normal versus vMCI<\/jats:styled-content> versus amMCI<\/jats:styled-content> versus other type.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results:\u2002<\/jats:title>CAS<\/jats:styled-content> was validated with the A<\/jats:styled-content>pathy E<\/jats:styled-content>valuation S<\/jats:styled-content>cale. There were significant differences among the three CDR<\/jats:styled-content> groups in CAS<\/jats:styled-content>1, CAS<\/jats:styled-content>2 and CAS<\/jats:styled-content>3 (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001). The prevalence rate of apathy in each CAS<\/jats:styled-content> in the CDR<\/jats:styled-content> 1+ group was higher than the CDR<\/jats:styled-content> 0.5 group, which was higher than the CDR<\/jats:styled-content> 0 group. There was a significant difference in CAS<\/jats:styled-content>3 score between the four groups (the normal and the three subgroups; P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001). Apathy in vMCI<\/jats:styled-content> was more severe than in the other three groups (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.05) on CAS<\/jats:styled-content>3 score.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:title>vMCI<\/jats:styled-content> subjects have more severe apathy compared with amMCI<\/jats:styled-content> subjects on caregiver assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,23]],"date-time":"2013-10-23T04:07:56Z","timestamp":1382501276000},"page":"517-525","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Apathy is more severe in vascular than amnestic mild cognitive impairment in a community: The K<\/scp>urihara P<\/scp>roject"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Kei","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mari","family":"Kasai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Ouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Nakatsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naofumi","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuriko","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megumi","family":"Nakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenichi","family":"Meguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Behavioral Neurology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.147.1.22"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(91)90040-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.056408"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.7.1006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.3.303"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.140.6.566"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.43.11.2412-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000107100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000260968.92345.3f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.65.10.1193"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.12.1475"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2496\/hbfr.26.310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","volume-title":"Brain Function Test Committee of Japan Society for Higher Brain Dysfunction: Clinical Assessment for Attention and Clinical Assessment for Spontaneity (CATS)","author":"Japan Society for Higher Brain Dysfunction","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"86","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric manifestations in vascular cognitive impairment patients with and without dementia","volume":"16","author":"Chiu PY","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. 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