{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T03:41:02Z","timestamp":1789443662395,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cognitive impairment may account for functional and occupational disability in patients with bipolar disorder even during periods of euthymia. While imaging suggests structural, neurochemical, and functional abnormalities in bipolar disorder patients, the pathophysiology of these deficits has not been elucidated. It was hypothesized that euthymic bipolar patients would have different cortical activation during a verbal fluency task compared to healthy controls, and that psychosocial functioning would be associated with prefrontal cortical activation during the task in the bipolar group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten euthymic bipolar patients and 10 healthy control participants (matched for age, gender, and years of education) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">fMRI<\/jats:styled-content>) during a verbal fluency task, tapping task and visual task. Correlational analysis between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">fMRI<\/jats:styled-content> brain activation and clinical variables of the participants, including Global Assessment of Functioning (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GAF<\/jats:styled-content>) score, was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to the controls, euthymic bipolar patients had significantly greater activation in the bilateral precuneus with similar behavioral performance during the verbal fluency task. There were no significant differences between the groups for the visual task or the simple motor task. Activation in both the left anterior cingulate cortex (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACC<\/jats:styled-content>) and the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFC<\/jats:styled-content>) were significantly positively correlated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GAF<\/jats:styled-content> score in the euthymic bipolar patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACC<\/jats:styled-content> and lateral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFC<\/jats:styled-content> regions are components of a neural network that plays a critical role in psychosocial functioning, and are often found to be affected in bipolar 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