{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T01:36:18Z","timestamp":1792373778762,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]],"date-time":"2014-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A mega\u2010earthquake and tsunami struck the northeastern coast of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      apan, and many survivors were forced to evacuate to temporary housing due to rising radiation levels. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of symptoms of post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ), depression, and poor general health among survivors, to test the predictive roles of resilience on mental and physical health, and to examine the predictive sociodemographic factors on resilience.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two hundred and forty\u2010one evacuees (men\/women: 116\/125) from\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      irono,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ukushima participated in the study. They were asked to complete the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      onnor\u2013\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      avidson Resilience Scale, the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Z<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ung Self\u2010Rating Depression Scale, the Impact of Events Scale\u2010Revised, and a demographic questionnaire.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among all participants, 53.5% exhibited the clinically concerning symptoms of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , and among them 33.2% indicated clinical\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      symptoms. Additionally, 66.8% reported symptoms of depression, and among them 33.2% showed mildly depressive symptoms, while 19.1% and 14.5% demonstrated moderate and severe depressive symptoms, respectively. Resilience was a significant buffer for depression,\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , and general health. Additionally, employment status, eating\/exercise habits, and drinking habits predicted resilience.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results indicated that depression and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      are prevalent among the survivors of massive earthquakes, tsunamis, and accidents from nuclear power plants. However, the results also showed that some survivors managed to endure the traumatic events relatively well, and resilience was a significant protective factor in dealing with such events. Therefore, it is crucial to assist survivors in improving their resilience by providing job opportunities and encouraging a healthy lifestyle.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,21]],"date-time":"2014-01-21T05:55:43Z","timestamp":1390283743000},"page":"524-533","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":181,"title":["Trauma, depression, and resilience of earthquake\/tsunami\/nuclear disaster survivors of\n                    <scp>H<\/scp>\n                    irono,\n                    <scp>F<\/scp>\n                    ukushima,\n                    <scp>J<\/scp>\n                    apan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Hiroko","family":"Kukihara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Kwassui Women's University  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niwako","family":"Yamawaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Brigham Young University  Provo USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumi","family":"Uchiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Science Junshin Gakuen University  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoichi","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Science Junshin Gakuen University  Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Etsuo","family":"Horikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saga University  Saga Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"United States Geological Survey (USGS).USGS updates magnitude of Japan's 2011 T\u014dhoku earthquake to 9.0. USGS. [Cited 17 June 2011.] Available from URL:http:\/\/www.usgs.gov\/newsroom\/article.asp?ID=2727&from=rss_home."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"TabuchiH.Japanese officials on defensive as nuclear alert level rises.New York Times. 13 April2011. [Cited 17 June 2011.] Available from URL:http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2011\/04\/13\/world\/asia\/13japan.html?pagewanted=all."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","volume-title":"Mental Health Response to Mass Emergencies: Theory and Practice","author":"Lystad M","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.76.Suppl.76"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-008-0441-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2007.01688.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NMD.0000054931.12291.50"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nmd.0000242971.84798.bc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Psychology","author":"Atkinson RL","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","volume-title":"Introduction to Psychology","author":"Smith EE","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.5.3.412"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136377"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1520-6629(198210)10:4<341::AID-JCOP2290100406>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","volume-title":"Coping Responses Inventory \u2013 Adult Form Manual","author":"Moos RH","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00797323"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.147.6.598"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/1061-3749.17.2.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Developmental Psychopathology and Wellness: Genetic and Environmental Influences","author":"Rutter M","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-440X(80)90054-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.59.1.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.36923\/jicc.v6i1.416","article-title":"Resilience in a cross\u2010cultural perspective: How resilience is generated in different cultures","volume":"11","author":"Gunnestad A","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Intercult. Commun."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","unstructured":"Statistics Bureau. Tokyo: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.2010.http:\/\/www.stat.go.jp\/. [12 screens]. [Updated 26 October 2011; Cited 17 June 2011.] Available from URL:http:\/\/www.stat.go.jp\/data\/kokusei\/2010\/kihon1\/pdf\/gaiyou.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","unstructured":"Fire and Disaster Management Agency. Tokyo: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.2011.http:\/\/www.fdma.go.jp\/Timeline. [36 screens]. [Updated 13 March 2012; Cited 17 June 2011.] Available from URL:http:\/\/www.fdma.go.jp\/bn\/higaihou_past_jishin_2311.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3753\/yotsu.8.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(98)00096-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.10113"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1965.01720310065008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","first-page":"673","article-title":"A study on a self\u2010rating depression scale","volume":"75","author":"Fukuda K","year":"1973","journal-title":"Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005053-200203000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2003.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO).Health statistics and health information systems [Internet]. WHO. [Cited 30 August 2013.] Available from URL:http:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/survey\/ageingdefnolder\/en\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00207411.1990.11449159"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","first-page":"607","article-title":"Analysis of the risk factors for post\u2010traumatic stress disorder in the victims of Hanshin\u2010Awaji earthquake","volume":"38","author":"Okamoto K","year":"1998","journal-title":"Jpn. Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Depressive symptoms among the inhabitants of Shiya city exposed to the Great Hanshin\u2010Awaji Earthquake","volume":"28","author":"Nagano O","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rinsyoseishinigaku"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1989.tb10301.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1989.tb09236.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022022111428171"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.75.5.671"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","first-page":"189","article-title":"Drinking practice and alcohol\u2010related problems: The national representative sample survey for Healthy Japan 21","volume":"39","author":"Shimizu S","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai Zasshi"}],"container-title":["Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpcn.12159","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pcn.12159","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T04:29:41Z","timestamp":1696134581000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pcn.12159"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pcn.12159"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcn.12159","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1323-1316","1440-1819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1323-1316","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,4]]}}}