{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T19:27:57Z","timestamp":1759692477512},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,17]],"date-time":"2014-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1402963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"Aim<\/jats:title>Behavior inhibition and behavior approach system (BIS<\/jats:styled-content>\/BAS<\/jats:styled-content>) determine the sensitivity to aversion and rewarding stimuli, respectively. This study aimed at evaluating the BIS<\/jats:styled-content>\/BAS<\/jats:styled-content> of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD<\/jats:styled-content>) and effect of estrogen and progesterone on the BIS<\/jats:styled-content>\/BAS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Women with PMDD<\/jats:styled-content> without treatment and control subjects were recruited from the community. The PMDD<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis was based on psychiatric interviewing and the result of two\u2010menstrual\u2010cycle follow up. A total of 67 women with PMDD<\/jats:styled-content> and 75 control subjects were recruited and entered the final analysis. They were evaluated with BIS<\/jats:styled-content>\/BAS<\/jats:styled-content> scale and for estrogen and progesterone levels in both premenstrual and follicular phases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The results revealed that BAS<\/jats:styled-content> score was higher among women with PMDD<\/jats:styled-content> in both premenstrual and follicular phases. Progesterone level negatively correlated with fun\u2010seeking, and its change in the menstrual cycle also negatively correlated to a change in fun\u2010seeking score among women with PMDD<\/jats:styled-content>. Women with PMDD<\/jats:styled-content> had a higher score in BIS<\/jats:styled-content> in the premenstrual phase and the BIS<\/jats:styled-content> score correlated to depression, anxiety, and hostility among them.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>These results suggest reward sensitivity of women with PMDD<\/jats:styled-content> is vulnerable to the effect of progesterone change in the menstrual cycle. Furthermore, the sensitivity to aversive stimuli plays an important role involving core symptoms of PMDD<\/jats:styled-content>. The reinforcement sensitivity of PMDD<\/jats:styled-content> deserves further detailed study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,16]],"date-time":"2014-04-16T10:56:40Z","timestamp":1397645800000},"page":"785-794","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Gonadotrophic hormone and reinforcement sensitivity systems in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Chih\u2010Hung","family":"Ko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao\u2010Kang Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng\u2010Yu","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao\u2010Kang Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng\u2010Fang","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng\u2010Sheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peng\u2010Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ju\u2010Yu","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kaohsiung Municipal Ta\u2010Tung Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"S473","article-title":"Premenstrual disorders: Epidemiology and disease burden","volume":"11","author":"Mishell DR","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. 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