{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T14:32:04Z","timestamp":1790346724393,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,27]],"date-time":"2015-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"Aims<\/jats:title>Little is known about electroconvulsive therapy (ECT<\/jats:styled-content>) use in Asian inpatients with schizophrenia. This study examined trends of ECT<\/jats:styled-content> use for schizophrenia patients in Asia between 2001 and 2009 and its independent demographic and clinical correlates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Data on 6761 hospitalized schizophrenia patients (2001\u2009=\u20092399, 2004\u2009=\u20092136, and 2009\u2009=\u20092226) in nine Asian countries and territories were collected by either chart review or interviews during a 1\u2010month period. Patients\u2019 sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, prescriptions of psychotropic drugs and ECT<\/jats:styled-content> use were recorded using a standardized protocol and data\u2010collection procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The frequency of ECT<\/jats:styled-content> was 3.3% in the whole sample; rising from 1.8% in 2001 to 3.3% in 2004 and 4.9% in 2009 (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.0001). However, this increased trend was driven solely by increased ECT<\/jats:styled-content> use in C<\/jats:styled-content>hina (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.0001), and the inclusion of I<\/jats:styled-content>ndia in the 2009 survey. There were wide inter\u2010country variations: 2001, 0% (H<\/jats:styled-content>ong K<\/jats:styled-content>ong, Korea) to 5.9% (C<\/jats:styled-content>hina); 2004, 0% (S<\/jats:styled-content>ingapore) to 11.1% (C<\/jats:styled-content>hina); 2009, 0% (H<\/jats:styled-content>ong K<\/jats:styled-content>ong) to 13.8% (I<\/jats:styled-content>ndia) and 15.2% (C<\/jats:styled-content>hina). Multiple logistic regression analysis of the whole sample revealed that patients receiving ECT<\/jats:styled-content> were less likely in the 35\u201364\u2010year age group, had shorter length of current hospitalization and fewer negative symptoms, and were more likely to receive second\u2010generation antipsychotic medications compared to those who were not treated with ECT<\/jats:styled-content> (R2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.264, P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>ECT<\/jats:styled-content> use for schizophrenia has increased over the past decade in C<\/jats:styled-content>hina, being low\/relatively stable in other Asian countries\/regions. Reasons for substantial variations in ECT<\/jats:styled-content> frequency in Asia require further study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,23]],"date-time":"2015-02-23T10:17:20Z","timestamp":1424686640000},"page":"489-496","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Use of electroconvulsive therapy for Asian patients with schizophrenia (2001\u20132009): Trends and correlates"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Yu\u2010Tao","family":"Xiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences University of Macau Macao China"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabor S.","family":"Ungvari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences University of Western Australia Perth Australia"},{"name":"University of Notre Dame Australia Perth Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph U.","family":"Correll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital North Shore\u2010Long Island Jewish Health System Glen Oaks USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen F. K.","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly Y. C.","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuan\u2010Yue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Anding Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian\u2010Mei","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Health Ministry of Mental Health & Peking University Institute of Mental Health Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin H. M.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan\u2010Ling","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu\u2010Yu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taipei City Hospital Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mian\u2010Yoon","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and School of Medicine Chang Gung University Chang Gung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ee\u2010Heok","family":"Kua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senta","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang","family":"Sim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok View Singapore Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael K. 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