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Copeptin is a marker of hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal axis activation; however, few studies have examined copeptin levels in children exposed to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content>. The aim of this study was to compare serum copeptin levels in children reporting child abuse and\/or neglect and children with no history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study included 65 children with a positive history of moderate to severe <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content>, as reported by themselves and their parent(s) during a clinical interview, and 71 children with no history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content> as a comparison group. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content> was considered moderate to severe based on the child\u2010reported frequency of being exposed to events related to sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and\/or physical neglect. Child psychopathology symptoms were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBCL<\/jats:styled-content>). We measured serum copeptin concentration using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children exposed to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content> exhibited higher levels of serum copeptin compared to children without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content> when controlling for sex, age, and psychiatric morbidity. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBCL<\/jats:styled-content> total score, including internalizing and externalizing symptoms, was higher in children with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content>. We found no correlation between copeptin and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBCL<\/jats:styled-content> scores for internalizing symptoms and externalizing symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CM<\/jats:styled-content> is associated with copeptin serum levels independently of age, sex, and symptom severity. Copeptin is a promising new biomarker for children with a history of abuse and\/or neglect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,9]],"date-time":"2016-06-09T16:01:37Z","timestamp":1465488097000},"page":"434-441","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Serum copeptin in children exposed to maltreatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Roberta","family":"Coelho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL) Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mateus L.","family":"Levandowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Lab (DCNL) Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and 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