{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T15:54:17Z","timestamp":1780588457948,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]],"date-time":"2017-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP16H05380"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP16H05380"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP25861040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP25861040"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP25253074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP25253074"]}]},{"name":"PROJECT PM Co., Ltd."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this clinical trial was to obtain proof of concept for high\u2010dose pyridoxamine as a novel treatment for schizophrenia with enhanced carbonyl stress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten Japanese schizophrenia patients with high plasma pentosidine, which is a representative biomarker of enhanced carbonyl stress, were recruited in a 24\u2010week, open trial in which high\u2010dose pyridoxamine (ranging from 1200 to 2400 mg\/day) was administered using a conventional antipsychotic regimen. Main outcomes were the total change in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale score and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale score from baseline to end of treatment at week 24 (or at withdrawal).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Decreased plasma pentosidine levels were observed in eight patients. Two patients showed marked improvement in their psychological symptoms. A patient who harbors a frameshift mutation in the <jats:italic>Glyoxalase 1<\/jats:italic> gene also showed considerable reduction in psychosis accompanied with a moderate decrease in plasma pentosidine levels. A reduction of greater than 20% in the assessment scale of drug\u2010induced Parkinsonism occurred in four patients. Although there was no severe suicide\u2010related ideation or behavior, Wernicke's encephalopathy\u2010like adverse drug reactions occurred in two patients and were completely suppressed by thiamine supplementation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>High\u2010dose pyridoxamine add\u2010on treatment was, in part, effective for a subpopulation of schizophrenia patients with enhanced carbonyl stress. Further randomized, placebo\u2010controlled trials with careful monitoring will be required to validate the efficacy of high\u2010dose pyridoxamine for these patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,24]],"date-time":"2017-10-24T10:26:35Z","timestamp":1508840795000},"page":"35-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Pyridoxamine: A novel treatment for schizophrenia with enhanced carbonyl stress"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Masanari","family":"Itokawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Project for Schizophrenia Research Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry RIKEN Brain Science Institute  Wako 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