{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T23:18:47Z","timestamp":1784848727583,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,11]],"date-time":"2018-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1520726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent developments in near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have enabled non\u2010invasive clarification of brain functions in psychiatric disorders. In pediatric attention\u2010deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), reduced prefrontal hemodynamic responses have been observed with NIRS repeatedly. However, there are few studies of adult ADHD by multi\u2010channel NIRS. Therefore, in this study, we used multi\u2010channel NIRS to examine the characteristics of prefrontal hemodynamic responses during the Stroop Color\u2013Word Task (SCWT) in adult ADHD patients and in age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched control subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twelve treatment\u2010na\u00efve adults with ADHD and 12 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched healthy control subjects participated in the present study after giving consent. We used 24\u2010channel NIRS to measure the oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy\u2010Hb) changes at the frontal lobes of participants during the SCWT. We compared the oxy\u2010Hb changes between adults with ADHD and control subjects by <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests with Bonferroni correction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the SCWT, the oxy\u2010Hb changes observed in the ADHD group were significantly smaller than those in the control group in channels 11, 16, 18, 21, 22, 23, and 24, corresponding to the prefrontal cortex. At channels 16, 21, 23, and 24 of the ADHD group, there were negative correlations between the symptomatic severity and the oxy\u2010Hb changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study suggests that adults with ADHD have reduced prefrontal hemodynamic response as measured by NIRS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T10:32:35Z","timestamp":1517913155000},"page":"380-390","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Reduced prefrontal hemodynamic response in adult attention\u2010deficit hyperactivity disorder as measured by near\u2010infrared spectroscopy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6760-025X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shotaro","family":"Ueda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Nara Medical University  Kashihara 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