{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T06:12:04Z","timestamp":1772086324671,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]],"date-time":"2018-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23791360"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23791360"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study, using single\u2010event\u2010related near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), was to examine the psychophysiological and social function assessment of 30 schizophrenic patients during a modified rock\u2010paper\u2010scissors task.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We set up a screen in front of the subjects, on which pictures of hand\u2010gestures for rock, paper, and scissors were randomly presented. Subjects were asked to give verbal answers under the conditions of win, lose, and draw, respectively. Using the 44\u2010channel NIRS system, we evaluated the maximum amplitude of oxygenated hemoglobin, latency, and the area based on the arithmetic mean of resulting values after the task between 30 outpatients with schizophrenia and 30 healthy subjects, and analyzed the frontal pole area, dorsolateral prefrontal region, and parietal association area as regions of interest (ROI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In schizophrenic patients, oxygenated hemoglobin changes (\u0394oxy\u2010Hb) when losing the task showed a significantly lower level of \u0394oxy\u2010Hb in ROI than controls. In addition, a significant positive correlation was observed between the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale and \u0394oxy\u2010Hb in ROI, and a significant negative correlation was observed between the Negative Syndrome scale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and \u0394oxy\u2010Hb in ROI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>From these results, we conclude that \u0394oxy\u2010Hb levels when performing the modified rock\u2010paper\u2010scissors task assessed using NIRS may be a useful psychophysiological marker to evaluate the cognitive and social functions of schizophrenic patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]],"date-time":"2018-03-27T06:20:24Z","timestamp":1522131624000},"page":"490-501","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparison of changes in the oxygenated 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