{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T13:46:41Z","timestamp":1775656001207,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,30]],"date-time":"2018-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSC 101\u20102314\u2010B\u2010037\u2010057\u2010MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 101\u20102314\u2010B\u2010037\u2010057\u2010MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004313","name":"General Electric","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004313","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic heroin use can cause various neuropathological characteristics that may compromise brain function. The present study evaluated the alteration of gray matter volume (GMV) and its resting\u2010state functional connectivity (rsFC) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) among male heroin users.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty heroin\u2010dependent men undergoing methadone maintenance therapy and 30 educational\u2010level\u2010 and age\u2010matched male controls were recruited for this study. To assess their GMV and rsFC, the participants were evaluated using spoiled gradient echo and gradient\u2010recalled echo planar imaging sequences with a 3\u2010Tesla General Electric MR scanner under resting state.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The heroin\u2010dependent men showed lower GMV over the right DLPFC in comparison with the controls. Further evaluation of the rsFC of the right DLPFC revealed a marked decrease in interhemispheric DLPFC connectivity among those with heroin dependence under control of head movement and GMV of the right DLPFC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although the mechanism remains unclear, the present study shows that chronic heroin use is associated with alteration of morphology as well as rsFC over the right DLPFC. As the DLPFC plays an imperative role in various domains of cognitive function, service providers for heroin users should consider the impacts of possible DLPFC\u2010related cognitive deficits on treatment effectiveness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,27]],"date-time":"2018-03-27T07:22:46Z","timestamp":1522135366000},"page":"435-444","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Altered gray matter volume and disrupted functional connectivity of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in men with heroin dependence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Huang\u2010Chi","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University  Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Graduate Institute of Medicine, 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