{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T04:51:09Z","timestamp":1792731069398,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]],"date-time":"2020-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002706","name":"AFA F\u00f6rs\u00e4kring","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2644\/08\u2010721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2644\/08\u2010721"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002706","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004348","name":"Stockholms L\u00e4ns Landsting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20070306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20070306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007687","name":"Svenska L\u00e4kares\u00e4llskapet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SLS\u2010223681"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SLS\u2010223681"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007687","name":"Svenska L\u00e4kares\u00e4llskapet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SLS\u2010245771"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SLS\u2010245771"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007687","name":"Svenska L\u00e4kares\u00e4llskapet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SLS\u2010302451"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SLS\u2010302451"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013\u201009304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013\u201009304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to test: (i) if D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> binding in three functional subsections of striatum is different in patients with severe major depressive episodes than in controls; and (ii) if this difference is normalized after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nine inpatients were examined with positron emission tomography (PET) and the radioligand [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]raclopride before and after an average of 8.4 ECT sessions. Treatment response was assessed using the Montgomery\u2013\u00c5sberg Depression Rating Scale. Nine age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched controls were examined twice with PET and [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]raclopride.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>[<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]raclopride binding was significantly lower in all three subsections of striatum in patients compared to controls (Cohen's <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>z<\/jats:sub>, 1.14\u20131.68; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.003\u20130.027). Montgomery\u2013\u00c5sberg Depression Ratings decreased significantly after ECT (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001; Cohen's <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>z<\/jats:sub>, 2.9). ECT had no statistically significant effect on [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]raclopride binding, although post\u2010ECT binding estimates were more similar to those obtained in controls in all subsections of striatum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using PET and [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]raclopride, we found support for the notion that severe major depressive episodes are associated with significantly lower dopamine D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> binding in all three subsections of striatum compared to controls. We noted no significant effect on D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/D<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> binding in the patient group after response to ECT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12980","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,14]],"date-time":"2020-01-14T11:50:03Z","timestamp":1579002603000},"page":"263-269","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["[<sup>11<\/sup>C]raclopride positron emission tomography study of dopamine\u2010D<sub>2\/3<\/sub> receptor binding in patients with severe major depressive episodes before and after electroconvulsive therapy and compared to control subjects"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Mikael","family":"Tiger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Svensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benny","family":"Liberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoyuki","family":"Saijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Schain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurobiology Research Unit Copenhagen University Hospital  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christer","family":"Halldin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Farde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4298-3936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johan","family":"Lundberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Depression and other common mental disorders: Global health estimates.2017. [Cited 21 April 2017.] Available from URL:http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/254610\/1\/WHO-MSD-MER-2017.2-eng.pdf?ua=1."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyz003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2013.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145711001945"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145706007486"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.11.1905"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(96)01460-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000054918"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01383-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.08m04746blu"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2017.08.427"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2012.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/syn.890200303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.64"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116143"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.9.1594"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2006.03.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-008-1088-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0327(93)90049-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00124509-200309000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000243"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.149.3.371"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","volume-title":"The ECT Handbook: The Third Report of the Royal College of Psychiatrists\u2019 Special Committee on ECT","author":"Scott AIF","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000138"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.182"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X17705260"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","volume-title":"International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.134.4.382"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","volume-title":"ECDEU Assessment Manual for Psychopharmacology Publication","author":"Guy W","year":"1976"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.169.1.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198102000-00027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-1344(199912)42:12<1183::AID-JLCR274>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-009-1156-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","unstructured":"EvansA CollinsD MillerS BrownE KellyR PetersT. 3D statistical neuroanatomical models from 305 MRI volumes.1993 IEEE Conference Record Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Vol 3;1993:1813\u20101817."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs397"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1996.0066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00863"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Unilateral electroconvulsive therapy","volume":"215","author":"d'Elia G","year":"1970","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr. Scand. Suppl."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200109000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2011.01762.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00048670601057734"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00124509-199809000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2012.93"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145709991209"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.109.069567"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2005.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881119836212"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00449127"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01243434"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-150604"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.15-01-00821.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200003000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2008.06.075"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852918001335"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5618.2007.00559.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2006.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(95)00095-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705737"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2011.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13769"}],"container-title":["Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpcn.12980","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pcn.12980","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pcn.12980","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pcn.12980","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T02:27:17Z","timestamp":1694053637000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pcn.12980"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pcn.12980"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcn.12980","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1323-1316","1440-1819"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1323-1316","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1819","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-11-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-07","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-02-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}