{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T17:57:42Z","timestamp":1793642262169,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]],"date-time":"2020-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004484","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["37048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["37048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004484","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Irritability related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) complicates the management of ASD patients at home and in clinical settings. In this randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled clinical trial, we aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of adjuvant treatment with risperidone and sulforaphane in alleviating the irritability of children with ASD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty drug\u2010free patients aged 4\u201312\u2009years were randomly assigned to one of two groups receiving risperidone plus sulforaphane or placebo. Risperidone was started with a daily dose of 0.25\u2009mg in patients weighing &lt;20\u2009kg and 0.5\u2009mg in those weighing \u226520\u2009kg and increased stepwise to reach a maximum of 1\u2009mg (&lt;20\u2009kg), 2.5\u2009mg (20\u201345\u2009kg), and 3.5\u2009mg (&gt;45\u2009kg). Sulforaphane was administered at a daily dose of 50\u2009\u03bcmol (\u226445\u2009kg) or 100\u2009\u03bcmol (&gt;45\u2009kg). The participants were assessed with the Aberrant Behavior Checklist \u2013 Community Edition at baseline and at Weeks 5 and 10.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to the placebo group, ASD patients in the sulforaphane group showed greater improvements in Irritability score (primary outcome measure; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.001) and Hyperactivity\/Noncompliance score (secondary outcome measure; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.015), and significant Time \u00d7\u2009Treatment effect for Irritability (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.007) and Hyperactivity\/Noncompliance (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.008). However, no difference was seen in improvements in the other secondary measures: Lethargy\/Social Interaction score, Stereotypic Behavior score, Inappropriate Speech score, and frequency of adverse events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results support the safety and efficacy of sulforaphane as an adjuvant to risperidone for improvement of irritability and hyperactivity symptoms in children with ASD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T11:16:29Z","timestamp":1588158989000},"page":"398-405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Sulforaphane as an adjunctive treatment for irritability in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Momtazmanesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeinab","family":"Amirimoghaddam\u2010Yazdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossein Sanjari","family":"Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0323-4617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2277-5101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahin","family":"Akhondzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6503a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S003329171400172X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-016-2272-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.10.075"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-8065-6_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-009-0704-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-2851L"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1734-1140(12)70927-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060517693423"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharep.2014.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1872214809666150505164138"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-8-34"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9758\/cpn.2018.16.3.246"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-9977-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2005.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2164957X17735826"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e32835c2b70"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2018.0024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8FO00018B"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2019.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1416940111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13229-018-0218-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02172145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","first-page":"283","article-title":"The Aberrant Behavior Checklist\u2010Community: Factor validity and effect of subject variables for adults in group homes","volume":"100","author":"Aman MG","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am. 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