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We obtained ranked effect sizes for subcortical volumes, regional cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities, comparing each of these disorders relative to healthy controls. In addition, the studies report on significant associations between brain imaging metrics and disorder\u2010related factors such as symptom severity and treatments. Visual comparison of effect size profiles shows that effect sizes are generally in the same direction and scale in severity with the disorders (in the order SZ\u2009&gt;\u2009BD\u2009&gt;\u2009MDD). The effect sizes for 22q11DS, a rare genetic syndrome that increases the risk for psychiatric disorders, appear to be much larger than for either of the complex psychiatric disorders. This is consistent with the idea of generally larger effects on the brain of rare compared to common genetic variants. Cortical thickness and surface area effect sizes for 22q11DS with psychosis compared to 22q11DS without psychosis are more similar to those of SZ and BD than those of MDD; a pattern not observed for subcortical brain structures and fractional anisotropy effect sizes. The observed similarities in effect size profiles for cortical measures across the psychiatric disorders mimic those observed for shared genetic variance between these disorders reported based on family and genetic studies and are consistent with shared genetic risk for SZ and BD and structural brain phenotypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]],"date-time":"2022-02-04T10:19:53Z","timestamp":1643969993000},"page":"140-161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Cross disorder comparisons of brain structure in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome: A review of <scp>ENIGMA<\/scp> findings"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6986-0768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eun\u2010Jin","family":"Cheon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior University of California Irvine  Irvine California USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yeungnam University College of Medicine Yeungnam University Medical Center  Daegu Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8516-923X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carrie E.","family":"Bearden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior University of California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7858-8287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daqiang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior University of California  Los Angeles California USA"},{"name":"Department of Mental Health Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2921-3408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher R. 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