{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T23:57:25Z","timestamp":1792108645293,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971595"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971595"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271947"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Elevated inflammation and larger choroid plexus (ChP) volume has been previously identified in mood disorders. Connections between inflammation, ChP, and clinical symptoms in bipolar II depression (BDII\u2010D) are unclear. Data\u2010driven clustering based on neuroanatomical phenotypes may help to elucidate neurobiological associations in BDII\u2010D.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inflammatory cytokines, clinical symptoms, and neuroanatomical features were assessed in 150 BDII\u2010D patients. Sixty\u2010eight cortical surface area (SA) and 19 subcortical volumes were extracted using FreeSurfer. The ChP volume was segmented manually using 3D Slicer. Regularized canonical correlation analysis was used to identify significantly correlated components between cortical SA and subcortical volumes (excluding the ChP), followed by k\u2010means clustering to define brain\u2010derived subgroups of BDII\u2010D. Low\u2010grade inflammation was derived by averaging the standardized z scores of interleukin (IL)\u20106, IL\u20101\u03b2, and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1), which were computed to create a composite z\u2010value score. Partial Pearson correlations followed by multiple comparison correction were conducted to explore associations between inflammation, clinical symptoms, and ChP volume.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subgroup I demonstrated smaller subcortical volume and cortical SA, higher inflammation, and larger ChP volume compared with subgroup II. Greater ChP volume was associated with a higher low\u2010grade inflammation (mean <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.289, <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003), CRP (mean <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.249, <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.007), IL\u20106 (left <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.200, <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03), and TNF\u2010\u03b1 (right <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.226, <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.01), while greater IL\u20101\u03b2 was significantly associated with severe depressive symptoms in BDII\u2010D (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.218, <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.045).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuroanatomically\u2010derived subgroups of BDII\u2010D differed in their inflammation levels and ChP volume. These findings suggest an important role of elevated peripheral inflammation and larger ChP in BDII\u2010D.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,19]],"date-time":"2023-08-19T21:07:00Z","timestamp":1692479220000},"page":"613-621","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Brain\u2010derived subgroups of bipolar <scp>II<\/scp> depression associate with inflammation and choroid plexus morphology"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3105-7654","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine West China Hospital of Sichuan University  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Jena University Hospital  Jena Germany"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), 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