{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T23:07:16Z","timestamp":1791328036903,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study aimed to infer neurophysiological mechanisms of auditory processing in children with Rett syndrome (RTT)\u2014rare neurodevelopmental disorders caused by <jats:italic>MECP2<\/jats:italic> mutations. We examined two brain responses elicited by 40\u2010Hz click trains: auditory steady\u2010state response (ASSR), which reflects fine temporal analysis of auditory input, and sustained wave (SW), which is associated with integral processing of the auditory signal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We recorded electroencephalogram findings in 43 patients with RTT (aged 2.92\u201317.1\u2009years) and 43 typically developing children of the same age during 40\u2010Hz click train auditory stimulation, which lasted for 500\u2009ms and was presented with interstimulus intervals of 500 to 800\u2009ms. Mixed\u2010model <jats:sc>ancova<\/jats:sc> with age as a covariate was used to compare amplitude of ASSR and SW between groups, taking into account the temporal dynamics and topography of the responses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Amplitude of SW was atypically small in children with RTT starting from early childhood, with the difference from typically developing children decreasing with age. ASSR showed a different pattern of developmental changes: the between\u2010group difference was negligible in early childhood but increased with age as ASSR increased in the typically developing group, but not in those with RTT. Moreover, ASSR was associated with expressive speech development in patients, so that children who could use words had more pronounced ASSR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ASSR and SW show promise as noninvasive electrophysiological biomarkers of auditory processing that have clinical relevance and can shed light onto the link between genetic impairment and the RTT phenotype.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T09:56:05Z","timestamp":1707299765000},"page":"282-290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Atypical brain responses to 40\u2010Hz click trains in girls with Rett syndrome: Auditory steady\u2010state response and sustained 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