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To address this gap, we investigated the correlation between serum cytokine levels and Timeframe for Conversion to Psychosis (TCP) in individuals with CHR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We enrolled 53 individuals with CHR who completed a 5\u2010year follow\u2010up with a confirmed conversion to psychosis. Granulocyte macrophage\u2010colony stimulating factor (GM\u2010CSF), interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b2, 2, 6, 8, 10, tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were measured at baseline and 1\u2010year. Correlation and quantile regression analyses were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median TCP duration was 14\u2009months. A significantly shorter TCP was associated with higher levels of TNF\u2010\u03b1 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022) and VEGF (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016). A negative correlation was observed between TCP and TNF\u2010\u03b1 level (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.006) and VEGF level (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04). Quantile regression indicated negative associations between TCP and GM\u2010CSF levels below the 0.5 quantile, IL\u201010 levels below the 0.3 quantile, IL\u20102 levels below the 0.25 quantile, IL\u20106 levels between the 0.65 and 0.75 quantiles, TNF\u2010\u03b1 levels below the 0.8 quantile, and VEGF levels below the 0.7 quantile. A mixed linear effects model identified significant time effects for IL\u201010 and IL\u20102, and significant group effects for changes in IL\u20102 and TNF\u2010\u03b1.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings underscore that a more pronounced baseline inflammatory state is associated with faster progression of psychosis in individuals with CHR. This highlights the importance of considering individual inflammatory profiles during early intervention and of tailoring preventive measures for risk profiles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T10:18:56Z","timestamp":1712657936000},"page":"385-392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Association between serum cytokines and timeframe for conversion from clinical high\u2010risk to psychosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"78","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5379-7119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"TianHong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic 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Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"YeGang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"HaiChun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ZiXuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Xinlianxin Psychological Counseling Center  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Big Data Research Lab University of Waterloo  Waterloo Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Labor and Worklife Program Harvard University  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ChunBo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JiJun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention Shanghai Key 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