{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T06:30:58Z","timestamp":1762151458874,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82151315","82271568"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82151315","82271568"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies have found that patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exist in a subcritical state, impairing information processing. However, the mechanisms behind these abnormalities remain unclear, as biomolecular explanations offer only a partial explanation. The brain's efficiency depends not only on molecular networks but also on peripheral physiological rhythms, particularly cardiac signals. Given that MDD involves deficits in heart\u2013brain interactions, this study aims to examine how resting\u2010state neural avalanche dynamics vary across cardiac cycles in MDD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We collected 5\u2010min resting\u2010state magnetoencephalography and electrocardiogram data from 60 patients with MDD and 60 healthy control participants. We defined neural avalanches during different phases of the cardiac cycle (systole versus diastole). Avalanche criticality metrics were computed to measure individuals' deviations from criticality. A mixed\u2010design two\u2010way\n                      <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc>\n                      was conducted to examine the main effects and interaction effects of cardiac phase and depression on avalanche criticality metrics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The avalanche metrics move toward from the critical point during diastole compared with systole in both groups at the whole\u2010brain level. However, the \u2010band avalanche metrics in patients with MDD move further from the critical point during diastole compared with systole in the default mode network.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that, when the cardiac cycle fails to dynamically regulate default mode network excitability fluctuations through phase\u2010specific inputs, \u2010band activity becomes decoupled from the physiological cardiac rhythm, leading to a persistent bias of the network toward a subcritical state.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.13878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T12:35:09Z","timestamp":1754483709000},"page":"718-727","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Altered cardiac timing neural avalanche in major depressive disorder: new insights from magnetoencephalography"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences &amp; Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences &amp; Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences &amp; Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junneng","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences &amp; Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lingling","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongliang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University  Wuxi City People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6255-5771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhijian","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Nanjing Brain Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7717-391X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences &amp; Medical Engineering Southeast University  Nanjing China"},{"name":"Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education  Nanjing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02143-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2016.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1139\/jpn.0726","article-title":"Cortical excitability and rest activity properties in patients with depression","volume":"32","author":"Salustri C","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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