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We investigated whether disturbing dreams (nightmares and bad dreams) were associated with all\u2010cause and Alzheimer dementia (AD) among individuals aged 60\u201389\u2009years from diverse international regions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data were from six longitudinal cohort studies across Brazil, China, France, Italy, South Korea, and Taiwan (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200910,238, 42.5% men). Cox regressions with a random effect for study investigated associations between disturbing dreams and incident dementia, with all participants and stratified separately by sex and baseline age. Analyses examined (i) any disturbing dreams and (ii) disturbing dreams at least once a week. Fully adjusted analyses included three studies with covariates for sleep problems, medications, mental and physical health, cognition, and APOE \u03b54 status.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Disturbing dreams were reported by 24.2% overall and all\u2010cause dementia, and AD incidence was 10.8 and 5.3 per 1000 person\u2010years, respectively. In fully adjusted analyses, having any disturbing dreams was associated with increased incidence of all\u2010cause dementia among 60\u201369\u2010year\u2010olds (hazard ratio [HR] 3.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32\u201311.67). There were no significant effects for older individuals. In fully adjusted sex\u2010stratified analyses, having disturbing dreams at least once a week was associated with AD only among men (HR 3.59, 95% CI 1.44\u20138.96).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found some evidence for disturbing dreams being associated with incident all\u2010cause dementia among individuals aged 60\u201369\u2009years and with AD among men. The mechanisms potentially underlying these associations remain to be clarified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.70046","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T14:00:51Z","timestamp":1773756051000},"page":"566-574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Disturbing dreams and dementia incidence across diverse cohort studies: A\n                    <scp>COSMIC<\/scp>\n                    collaboration study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1684-3577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darren M.","family":"Lipnicki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health UNSW Sydney  Sydney New South Wales 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