{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T12:17:36Z","timestamp":1783167456488,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775520000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Falls are a common and serious problem among hospitalized patients. While hypnotics are a known risk factor, it remains unclear whether fall risk varies by time of day. This study examined the time\u2010dependent risk of falls associated with different classes of hypnotics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients aged \u226520\u2009years who had their first admission to our hospital and were discharged between April 2016 and March 2018. Time\u2010to\u2010fall was analyzed using stepwise Cox proportional hazards models across four time periods (0:00\u20135:59, 6:00\u201311:59, 12:00\u201317:59, 18:00\u201323:59). Covariates included hypnotic use (Z\u2010drugs, short\u2010acting benzodiazepines, long\u2010acting benzodiazepines, ramelteon, suvorexant, trazodone), age, sex, body mass index (BMI), length of stay, activities of daily living score, emergency admission, and surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 22,458 patients included in the study, 268 falls occurred, with 73, 65, 56, and 74 in each time period, respectively. Association between hypnotic use and fall risk varied by time. Z\u2010drugs were associated with falls during 18:00\u201323:59 (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29\u20135.45). Short\u2010acting benzodiazepines were associated with falls during 00:00\u201305:59 (aHR 2.06, 95% CI 1.07\u20133.97). Long\u2010acting benzodiazepines were associated with falls during 06:00\u201311:59 (aHR 3.37, 95% CI 1.20\u20139.26). No significant associations were observed for ramelteon, suvorexant, or trazodone.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fall risk associated with hypnotic use is not uniform throughout the day. Short\u2010acting benzodiazepines were linked to evening and nighttime falls, while long\u2010acting benzodiazepines increased morning fall risk. These findings highlighted the need to consider time\u2010specific fall risks when prescribing hypnotics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.70057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T04:00:42Z","timestamp":1775620842000},"page":"595-602","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Time\u2010dependent risk of falls associated with hypnotic use in hospitalized patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8112-9250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Shishida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaro","family":"Shimomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Keio University School of Medicine  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Murayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital  Yokohama Kanagawa Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Keio University School of Medicine  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimio","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy and Managements Keio University School of Medicine  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Uchida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Keio University School of Medicine  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Mimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Keio University School of Medicine  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8844-4786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyoshi","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Keio University School of Medicine  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine  Chiba\u2010shi Chiba 260\u20108670 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.Preventing falls in hospitals: A toolkit for improving quality of care. 2013 January. 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