{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T07:03:31Z","timestamp":1780470211365,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,16]],"date-time":"2013-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1368662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of the current study was to characterize the epidemiology and resource use of U.S. children hospitalized with ophthalmologic disease secondary to erythema multiforme (EM), Stevens\u2010Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). We studied children ages 5 to 19 years hospitalized in 2005 in 11 states, encompassing 38% of the U.S. pediatric population. Using <jats:italic>International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification<\/jats:italic> codes, we identified admissions of children with EM, SJS, or TEN and the presence of concurrent ophthalmologic disease, analyzed patient and hospitalization characteristics, and generated age\u2010 and sex\u2010adjusted national estimates. We identified 460 children admitted with EM, SJS, or TEN, corresponding to 1,229 U.S. hospitalizations in 2005. Of the children with EM, SJS, or TEN, 60 (13.0%) had ophthalmologic disease, primarily (90.0%) disorders of the conjunctiva. Children with the highest proportions of ophthalmologic disease included those with mycoplasma pneumonia (26.7%), herpes simplex virus (15.6%), upper respiratory infection (13.9%), and lower respiratory infection (13.7%). Individuals with EM, SJS, or TEN and ophthalmologic disease were more likely than those without ophthalmologic disease to receive intensive care unit care (28.3% vs 17.0%, p\u00a0=\u00a00.03) and to be admitted to a children's hospital (63.3% vs 48.8%, p\u00a0=\u00a00.03). Ophthalmologic disease was also associated with a significantly longer median length of stay (6.0\u00a0days, interquartile range [IQR] 3\u20139\u00a0days vs 3.0\u00a0days, IQR 2\u20136\u00a0days, p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and median hospital cost ($7,868, IQR $3,539\u2013$17,440 vs $2,969, IQR $1,603\u2013$8,656, p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). In children with EM, SJS, or TEN, ophthalmologic disease was most common in those with concurrent <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> and herpes simplex virus infections. Ophthalmologic disease was associated with considerably higher inpatient resource use in this population. Children with EM, SJS, or TEN should be screened and treated early for ophthalmologic disease to prevent morbidity and minimize long\u2010term sequellae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,16]],"date-time":"2013-05-16T11:02:59Z","timestamp":1368702179000},"page":"163-168","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Epidemiology of Ophthalmologic Disease Associated with Erythema Multiforme, Stevens\u2010Johnson Syndrome, and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis in Hospitalized Children in\u00a0the United States"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jacqueline F.","family":"Moreau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"},{"name":"The CRISMA Center (Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness) Department of Critical Care Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert S.","family":"Watson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The CRISMA Center (Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness) Department of Critical Care Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary E.","family":"Hartman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The CRISMA Center (Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness) Department of Critical Care Medicine University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics St. Louis Children's Hospital St. Louis Missouri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter T.","family":"Linde\u2010Zwirble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ZD Associates LLC Perkasie Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura K.","family":"Ferris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.83.4.347"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"e121","article-title":"A systematic review of treatment of drug\u2010induced Stevens\u2010Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in children","volume":"18","author":"Pozzo\u2010Magana BR","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200225130-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1990.01670250043005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1990.01670250049006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(96)00035-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"S85","article-title":"Stevens\u2010Johnson syndrome in Thai children: a 29\u2010year study","volume":"94","author":"Singalavanija S","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2010.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(95)30811-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BCR.0000150215.78220.79"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.1.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318243fee3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.109124"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013e3181a28c82"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2009.540"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","unstructured":"Texas hospital inpatient discharge public use data file 2005 Texas Department of State Health Services Austin TX"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","unstructured":"Public use ?le PUF1 patient level data 2005 Virginia Health Information Richmond VA"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","unstructured":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) state inpatient databases 2000\u20132006.Rockville MD:Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.http:\/\/www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/sidoverview.jsp. Accessed on April 15 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau.Methodology summary for the interim population projections for states by age and sex: 2004\u20132030.http:\/\/www.census.gov\/population\/www\/projections\/methodology.html. Accessed on April 26 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200207-682OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200107000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2332\/allergolint.11-OA-0309"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpde.12158","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.12158","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T13:09:15Z","timestamp":1695474555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pde.12158"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,16]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pde.12158"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.12158","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-8046","1525-1470"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-8046","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1470","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,16]]}}}