{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T21:58:12Z","timestamp":1761947892143},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,16]],"date-time":"2013-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1368662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 10\u2010month\u2010old boy with congenital lamellar ichthyosis presented with a chronic <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>richophyton rubrum<\/jats:italic> infection. There was no history of atopy or immunosuppression, and examination revealed high total immunoglobulin E (IgE) with a positive specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IgE<\/jats:styled-content> for <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0rubrum<\/jats:italic>. Multiple treatments with fluconazole were necessary to control the infection. <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0rubrum<\/jats:italic> is present worldwide and is responsible for the vast majority of chronic dermatophytosis. Lamellar ichthyosis is a risk factor for chronic dermatophytosis because of excessive keratin and the barrier defect. A delayed\u2010type hypersensitivity reaction to <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>.\u00a0rubrum<\/jats:italic> is associated with cure, whereas immediate hypersensitivity and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IgE<\/jats:styled-content> are not protective and may lead to chronic infection. Atopy and the Th2 profile therefore seem to be associated with chronic dermatophytosis. The association between ichthyosis and atopy is well documented. <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>. rubrum<\/jats:italic> also has an interesting ability to evade immunity, which helps explain the chronic infection. Finally, in ichthyosis, it is likely that fluconazole has difficulty penetrating the acanthotic stratum corneum, which explains treatment failure. We report this case to alert clinicians to the possible association between lamellar ichthyosis and chronic dermatophytosis and to report the difficulties of management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,16]],"date-time":"2013-05-16T11:02:36Z","timestamp":1368702156000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Refractory <i><scp>T<\/scp>richophyton rubrum<\/i> Infection in Lamellar Ichthyosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Christel","family":"Scheers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology CHU St Pierre Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josette","family":"Andre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology CHU St Pierre Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Curtis","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Pathology Oregon Health Sciences University Portland Oregon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Rebuffat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics CHU St Pierre Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saadia","family":"Harag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology CHU St Pierre Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athanassios","family":"Kolivras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology CHU St Pierre Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2006.02117.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(89)80201-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2001.04390.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(08)80642-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yadr.2007.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2008.01606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1470.2002.00100.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.8.2.240"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.55.647.608"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(09)80302-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.07999.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2005.07.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0507.2007.01325.x"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpde.12160","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.12160","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T00:19:27Z","timestamp":1696033167000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pde.12160"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,16]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pde.12160"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.12160","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-8046","1525-1470"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-8046","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1470","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,16]]}}}