{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T03:56:42Z","timestamp":1790135802400,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,7]],"date-time":"2013-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regional capillary malformation of a lower extremity is associated with the overgrowth of bone or soft tissue in several disorders, most commonly <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>lippel\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>renaunay syndrome and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>arkes <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">W<\/jats:styled-content>eber syndrome. We have observed a subset of patients with a capillary malformation of the leg, minor growth disturbance, and prominent veins. The objective of the current study is to describe a series of patients with regional capillary malformation of the lower extremity in association with phlebectasia. This is a retrospective series of 17 patients diagnosed with capillary\u2010venous malformation of the lower extremity. We excluded patients with clinical or radiographic evidence of lymphatic or arteriovenous malformation. Age, presentation, associated features, radiographic findings, and management were documented. In most patients the capillary malformation covered a large area without sharply demarcated borders. Four patients had one or more discrete, well\u2010defined capillary stains involving less than 5% of the total surface area of the affected lower limb. Prominent veins were most common in the popliteal fossa and on the knee and dorsal foot. Approximately two\u2010thirds of patients had a leg length discrepancy, with the affected leg being longer (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06) or shorter (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a04); in many the affected leg was also slightly larger (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a08) or smaller (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a04) in girth. Radiographic imaging showed dilatation of superficial (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016), muscular (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a09), and deep veins (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06). We characterize a subset of patients with regional capillary\u2010venous malformation of the lower extremity with prominent veins and minor hypotrophy\/hypertrophy that differs from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>lippel\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>renaunay syndrome (capillary\u2010lymphatic\u2010venous malformation) but belongs at the minor end of the spectrum of vascular disorders with overgrowth.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,8]],"date-time":"2013-07-08T05:11:55Z","timestamp":1373260315000},"page":"541-548","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Capillary\u2010Venous Malformation in the Lower Limb"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Lily C.","family":"Uihlein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Program Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilyn G.","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Program Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven J.","family":"Fishman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad I.","family":"Alomari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology Boston Children's Hospital Boston Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John B.","family":"Mulliken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Boston Children's Hospital Boston 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