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In a single\u2010center, prospective trial, 89 healthy 9\u2010month\u2010old infants (\u00b18\u00a0wks) were randomly assigned to three diaper care regimens: group I used water\u2010moistened washcloths at diaper changes (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a030), group II additionally applied diaper cream twice daily (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a028), and group III used wet wipes and diaper cream twice daily (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a031). Transepidermal water loss (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEWL<\/jats:styled-content>), skin hydration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCH<\/jats:styled-content>), skin pH, interleukin 1\u03b1 (IL\u20101\u03b1) levels, and microbiologic colonization were measured in diapered skin (upper outer quadrant of the buttocks), nondiapered skin (upper leg), and if diaper dermatitis (DD) occurred, using the most affected skin area at day 1 and weeks 4 and 8. Skin condition was assessed utilizing a neonatal skin condition score and diaper rash grade. On diapered skin, SCH decreased in groups II and III, whereas TEWL values were reduced in group II only. Skin pH increased in groups II and III. In general, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCH<\/jats:styled-content>, skin pH, and IL\u20101\u03b1 levels were higher in healthy diapered skin than in nondiapered skin. The incidence and course of DD was comparable in all groups. Areas with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DD<\/jats:styled-content> had greater <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEWL<\/jats:styled-content> and skin pH than unaffected skin areas. Infants who received diaper cream had lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TEWL<\/jats:styled-content> and higher pH levels in the diapered area than on nondiapered skin. No correlation with the occurrence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DD<\/jats:styled-content> was found.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,25]],"date-time":"2014-11-25T12:54:44Z","timestamp":1416920084000},"page":"683-691","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Effect of Diaper Cream and Wet Wipes on Skin Barrier Properties in Infants: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Natalie","family":"Garcia Bartels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charit\u00e9\u2010Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"L\u00fcnnemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charit\u00e9\u2010Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Stroux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Statistics and Clinical Epidemiology Charit\u00e9\u2010Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Kottner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charit\u00e9\u2010Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Development Johnson &amp; 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