{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T15:29:09Z","timestamp":1759937349853},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]],"date-time":"2015-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Androgen hormones are thought to play a leading role in acne vulgaris (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AV<\/jats:styled-content>). The 2D:4D digit ratio refers to the ratio of the length of the second finger (index finger) to that of the fourth finger (ring finger). It is thought that the balance between fetal testosterone and fetal estrogen during the prenatal period largely determines this ratio, which does not change with age in the postnatal period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with no other disease except <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AV<\/jats:styled-content> and a control group of healthy patients were included in the study. Sex, age, family history, age of onset, and duration of disease in patients diagnosed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AV<\/jats:styled-content> were recorded. The lengths of the patients' second and fourth fingers were measured using a digital caliper with a resolution of 0.01\u00a0mm. Hormone levels were also measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>When the 2D:4D ratio for the right hand and the left hand (separately) as well as the average (mean) 2D:4D ratio of both hands in male and female patients were compared with those of the control group, no statistically significant difference was observed. The right 2D:4D ratio of female patients was positively correlated with free androgen index percentage and prolactin values and negatively correlated with sex hormone\u2013binding globulin. The left 2D:4D ratio of female patients was found to be positively correlated with disease duration and follicle\u2010stimulating hormone values.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The 2D:4D ratio was not significantly different between the group with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AV<\/jats:styled-content> and the control group independent of sex. Also, we did not observe a significant association with age of onset, severity of disease, or family history.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.12594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]],"date-time":"2015-05-04T10:44:58Z","timestamp":1430736298000},"page":"651-655","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Second to Fourth Digit Ratio in Acne Vulgaris"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Unal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology Konya Numune Hospital Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gulbahar","family":"Urun Unal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Konya Education and Training Hospital Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sukru","family":"Balevi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology Meram Medical Faculty Necmettin Erbakan University Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00fcseyin","family":"Tol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology Meram Medical Faculty Necmettin Erbakan University Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Uyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Meram Medical Faculty Necmettin Erbakan University Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"72","article-title":"Relative index finger length as a sex\u2010influenced trait in man","volume":"4","author":"Phelps VR","year":"1952","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Digit ratio (2D:4D): a biomarker for prenatal sex steroids and adult sex steroids in challenge situations","volume":"30","author":"Manning J","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/13.11.3000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(02)00073-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(96)90680-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5799\/ahinjs.01.2011.02.0230"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-55382012000500005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2013.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0906-6705.2005.0285a.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0378-6323.110765"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2004.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000347196"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12287"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2012.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and concentrations of circulating sex hormones in adulthood","volume":"27","author":"Muller DC","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fpde.12594","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pde.12594","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]],"date-time":"2023-10-01T11:13:32Z","timestamp":1696158812000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pde.12594"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pde.12594"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pde.12594","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0736-8046","1525-1470"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0736-8046","type":"print"},{"value":"1525-1470","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]]}}}